Practice Exercises)

Objective

These exercises will involve practice with C-style strings, as well as some of the libraries that involve manipulations on characters and strings.

Task

Write the following exercises, each in a separate file. Filenames should be:

textline.cpp
piglatin.cpp

(Note that the filenames are all lowercase)

Exercise 1

Filename: textline.cpp

This is based on programming challenge 6 in chapter 10 (page 587) of the textbook, but contains some additional features.

Functions

Write the following functions. Each of these functions should have a single parameter -- accepting a c-style string as an argument. The function should only do what is specified (note that none of these functions do any output to the screen). Your functions should use const in the prototype wherever it is appropriate:

Write a function that counts and returns the number of vowels in the string. (For the purposes of this exercise, we are talking about the standard 5 vowels -- A, E, I, O, U).
Write a function that counts and returns the number of consonants in the string.
Write a function that converts the string to all lowercase.
Write a function that converts the string to all uppercase.

Menu program

Write a main program that performs the following steps:

Prompt the user to enter a string, and let them type it in. This could be an entire sentence, with the newline indicating the end of the string. You may assume the string will be no more than 100 characters, so declare your array accordingly.

Display the following menu:

 A)  Count the number of vowels in the string
 B)  Count the number of consonants in the string
 C)  Convert the string to uppercase
 D)  Convert the string to lowercase
 E)  Display the current string
 F)  Enter another string

 M)  Display this menu
 X)  Exit the program

Enter a loop, allowing the user to type in a menu choice each time. Loop should continue until the user enters the command to exit. Upper and lowercase letters should be allowed for the menu choices.
- When the A or B commands are entered (counting vowels or consonants), call the corresponding function, then print the result
- When the C or D commands are chosen, just call the appropriate function to convert the string. Do not do any output from main on these commands.
- When E is chosen, print the contents of the stored string.
- When F is chosen, allow a new string to be typed -- this will replace the previous one.
- The menu should only be displayed once at the start, and then again whenever the M option is selected

Sample Run

(user input is underlined, to distinguish it from output)

Input a line of text, up to 100 characters:
> The quick brown fox jumped. The lazy dog, he was jumped over.

A)  Count the number of vowels in the string
B)  Count the number of consonants in the string
C)  Convert the string to uppercase
D)  Convert the string to lowercase
E)  Display the current string
F)  Enter another string

M)  Display this menu
X)  Exit the program

Enter your menu selection: a
Number of vowels: 16

Enter your menu selection: B
Number of consonants: 31

Enter your menu selection: c

Enter your menu selection: e
The string:
THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED. THE LAZY DOG, HE WAS JUMPED OVER.

Enter your menu selection: D

Enter your menu selection: E
The string:
the quick brown fox jumped. the lazy dog, he was jumped over.

Enter your menu selection: f
Input a new line of text, up to 100 characters:
> Mary Had A Little Lamb. His name was Fleecy Pete.

Enter your menu selection: C

Enter your menu selection: e
The string:
MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB. HIS NAME WAS FLEECY PETE.

Enter your menu selection: d

Enter your menu selection: E
The string:
mary had a little lamb. his name was fleecy pete.

Enter your menu selection: b
Number of consonants: 24

Enter your menu selection: a
Number of vowels: 14

Enter your menu selection: x
Goodbye

Exercise 2

Filename: piglatin.cpp

Write a function, called ToPigLatin, which is described below:

Here is a starter file, which contains a main test program, as well as the function prototype, which is:
```
  char* ToPigLatin(char* word);
```
This function receives a c-style string (word) as a parameter.
You are to define this function so that it converts the incoming string (character array) to its "Pig Latin" version, and then have the function return a pointer to the string
For our purposes, we will use the following as the rules for translation of a word into "Pig Latin":
1. A word is a consecutive sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z) or apostrophes. You may assume that the input to the function will only be a single "word". Examples: Zebra , doesn't , apple
2. If a word starts with a vowel, the Pig Latin version is the original word with "way" added to the end
3. If a word starts with a consonant, or a series of consecutive consonants, the Pig Latin version transfers all consonants up to the first vowel to the end of the word, and adds "ay" to the end.
4. The letter 'y' should be treated as a consonant if it is the first letter of a word, but treated as a vowel otherwise.
5. If the original word is capitalized, the new Pig Latin version of the word should be capitalized in the first letter (i.e. the previous capital letter may not be capitalized any more).
In the starter file is a main() program that I have already provided you with for testing. This program prompts the user to type in 5 words, then it calls the function for each of them and prints the converted version of each of the 5 strings. Note that the main() function does all of the output -- your function should do NO output (just the appropriate conversion and return). The output from your test runs should match mine exactly. Do not change the main() program in any way.
You may assume that a "word" to be entered into the function is no more than 39 characters.

Sample Runs

(user input is underlined, to distinguish it from output)

Sample Run 1

Input 5 words: Flower yellow bypass apple Igloo

Pig Latin version of the 5 words:
Owerflay ellowyay ypassbay appleway Iglooway

Sample Run 2

Input 5 words: string Hamburger Rhythm queen zippitydoodah

Pig Latin version of the 5 words:
ingstray Amburgerhay Ythmrhay ueenqay ippitydoodahzay

Requirements for both programs

No global variables, except where specified
You may use any of these libaries:
- iostream
- iomanip
- cctype
- cstring
- cstdlib
Readable and well-documented source code