Publications

 

Invited Journal Articles

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1998). Time, nonmonotonicity, qualifed syllogisms, and the frame problem. Journal of Intelligent Systems, 8(3-4), 315-355.

 

   Schwartz, D. G., Klir, G. J., Lewis, H., & Ezawa, Y. (1994). Applications of fuzzy sets and approximate reasoning. Proceedings of the IEEE, 82(4), 482-498.

 

 

Refereed Journal Articles

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2015). Dynamic reasoning systems. ACM Transactions on Computational Logic, Vol. 16, No. 4, Article 32, 69.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2014). Qualified syllogisms with fuzzy predicates. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 29(10), 926-945.

 

   Long, J., & Schwartz, D. G. (2008). Case-oriented alert correlation. WSEAS Transactions on Computers, 7(3), 98-112.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2008). Adapting software engineering design patterns for ontology construction. WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications, 5(6), 9.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2008). Dynamic agent-oriented reasoning about belief and trust. Multiagent and Grid Systems: An International Journal, 4(2), 335-346.

 

   Long, J., Schwartz, D. G., & Stoecklin, S. (2005). Multi-sensor network intrusion detection: a case-based approach. WSEAS Transactions on Computers, 4(12), 1768-1776.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2003). Agent-oriented epistemic reasoning: subjective conditions of knowledge and belief. Artificial Intelligence, 148(1-2), 177-195.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2000). Layman's probability theory: a calculus for reasoning with linguistic likelihood. Information Sciences, 126(1-4), 71-82.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1997). Dynamic reasoning with qualifed syllogisms. Artifcial Intelligence, 93(1-2), 103-167.

 

   Chung, H. -T., & Schwartz, D. G. (1995). A resolution-based system for symbolic approximate reasoning. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 13(3), 201-246.

 

   Schwartz, D. G., & Klir, G. J. (1993). Fuzzy logic flowers in Japan. bit, 25(4), 4-13.

 

Written in Japanese, Japanese translation of A.10, by Yoshinori Ezawa, published in a popular Japanese technology magazine.

 

   Schwartz, D. G., & Klir, G. J. (1992). Fuzzy logic fowers in Japan. IEEE Spectrum, 29(7), 32-35.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1991). A system for reasoning with imprecise linguistic information. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 5, 463-488.

 

   Tamir, D. E., Schwartz, D. G., & Kandel, A. (1991). A pattern recognition interpretation of implications. Information Sciences, 57-58, 197-215.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1989). Fuzzy inference in a formal theory of semantic equivalence. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 31, 205-216.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1987). A free-variable theory of primitive recursive arithmetic. Zeitschrift fur Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 33, 147-157.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1987). Axioms for a theory of semantic equivalence. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 21, 319-349.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1987). On the equivalence between logic-free and logic-bearing systems of primitive recursive arithmetic. Zeitschrift fur Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 33, 245-253.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1987). Semantic completeness of free-variable theories. Zeitschrift fur Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, 33, 441-452.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1985). The case for an interval-based representation of linguistic truth. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 17, 153-165.

 

  Schwartz, D. G. (1981). Isomorphisms of G. Spencer-Brown's Laws of Form and F. Varela's Calculus for Self-Reference. International Journal of General Systems, 6, 239-255.

 

 

Invited Book Chapters

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1998). Fuzzy mathematical objects. In Ruspini, E., Bonissone, P., & Pedrycz, W. (Eds.), Handbook of Fuzzy Computation (pp. B2.7:1-12). New York: Oxford University Press and Institute of Physics.

 

 

Refereed Book Chapters

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2010). A logic for qualified syllogisms. In Elleithy, K. (Ed.), Advanced Techniques in Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (pp. 45-50). New York, NY: Springer.

 

ISBN: 978-90-481-3659-9, (Same as Section C, International Meetings, Paper 32, in a paper publication that includes the conference proceedings.).

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2010). Formal specifications for a document management assistant. In Elleithy, K. (Ed.), Innovations in Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (pp. 111-116). New York, NY: Springer.

 

ISBN: 978-90-481-9111-6, (Same as Section C. International Meetings, Paper 35, in a paper publication that includes the conference proceedings.).

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2010). Algorithms for maintaining a consisten knowledge base in distributed multiagent environments. In Elleithy, K. (Ed.), Innovations in Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (pp. 105-110). New York, NY: Springer.

 

ISBN: 978-90-481-9111-6, (Same as Section C, International Meetings, Paper 34, in a paper publication that includes the conference proceedings.).

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2010). Dynamic web of trust in an agent community. In Semantic Web: Standards, Tools and Ontologies (pp. 169-194). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.

 

ISBN: 978-1-61668-471-6.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2008). Architecture for belief revision in multi-agent intelligent systems. In Elleithy, K. (Ed.), Innovations and Advanced Techniques in Systems, Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (pp. 465-470). New York, NY: Springer.

 

ISBN: 978-1-4020-8734-9, pp. 465-470. (Same as Section C, International Meetings, Paper 29, in a paper publication that includes the conference proceedings.).

 

   Bassiouni, M., Bier, V. M., Carayon, P., Chandra, J., Guha, R. K., Kraemer, S. B., Robinson, S. M., Schwartz, D. G., & Stoecklin, S. (2007). Analysis, modeling, and simulation for networked systems. In Wang, C. (Ed.), Department of Defense Sponsored Information Security Research: New Methods for Protecting Against Cyber Threats (pp. 440-465). Indianapolis, IN: Wiley.

 

 

Refereed Proceedings

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (submitted). On the possibility of and event. Manuscript submitted for publication, 4 pages.

 

25th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI-16, New York, NY, July 9-15, 2016.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2015). On the probability of a fuzzy event, with application to nonmonotonic reasoning. In 34th Annual Conference of NAFIPS (North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society) and the 5th World Conference on Soft Computing, DigiPen Institute of Technology, Redmond, WA, August 17-19 (pp. 6). Don't know yet.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2014). Nonmonotonic reasoning as a temporal activity. In 15th International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning, 17-19 July 2014, Part of the Vienna Summer of Logic, Vienna, Austria (pp. 10). Vienna summer of Logic, 2014.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2014). Qualified syllogisms with fuzzy predicates. In Logic, Algebra and Truth Degrees 2014 (LATD 2014), Fourth conference of the working group on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic, 16-19 July 2014, Part of the Vienna Summer of Logic, Vienna, Austria (pp. 4). Vienna Summer of Logic, 2014.

 

Logic, Algebra and Truth Degrees 2014 (LATD 2014), Fourth conference of the working group on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic, 16-19 July 2014, Vienna, Austria.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2013). A logic for qualified syllogisms. In Advance Trends in Soft Computing, Proceedings of the Third World Congress on Soft Computing (WCSC-13), San Antonio, TX, USA, December 16-18 (pp. 33-46). Springer-Verlag.

 

An expanded version of the paper with the same title published in 2008.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2012). Modeling local belief revision in a dynamic reasoning system. In 25th Canadian Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AI 2012), York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (pp. 368-373). New York, NY: Springer.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2011). Towards agent-oriented knowledge base maintenance for description logic ALCN. In The 22nd Midwest Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference (MAICS 2011), Cincinnati, OH (pp. 166-171). Manfred Jeusfeld, Tilburg University, The Netherlands: CEUR-WS.org.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2010). Relatedness, relevance, and specificity for concept taxonomies. In International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering (CISSE 10). New York, NY: Springer.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2010). Dynamic reasoning for description logic terminologies. In Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 23rd Canadian Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Candadian AI 2010), University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (pp. 340-343). New York, NY: Springer.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2009). Formal specifications for a document management assistant. In International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering (CISSE 09), Online Conference (pp. 111-116). New York, NY: Springer.

 

subconference Systems, Computing Sciences, and Software Engineering (SCSS 09).

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2009). Algorithms for maintaining a consistent knowledge base in distributed multiagent environments. In International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering (CISSE 09), Online Conference (pp. 105-110). New York, NY: Springer.

 

subconference Systems, Computing Sciences, and Software Engineering (SCSS 09), hosted by University of Bridgeport, CT.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2009). Trust and classification: towards community ontology revision and knowledge management. In 2009 IEEE Toronto International Conference - Science and Technology for Humanity (TIC-STH 2009), Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (pp. 262-267). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2008). A logic for qualified syllogisms. In International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering (CISSE 08), subconference Systems, Computing Sciences, and Software Engineering (SCSS 08) (pp. 45-50). New York, NY: Springer.

 

Conference Paper 73.

 

   Schwartz, D. G., & Long, J. (2008). Case-based multi-sensor intrusion detection. In International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2008 (ICCMSE 2008), Special Session on Computer Science, Crete, Greece (pp. 843-846). Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2008). Architecture for decision-making and taskoriented reasoning for the Web of Trust. In International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2008 (ICCMSE 2008), Crete, Greece (pp. 847-850). Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2007). Architecture for belief revision in multi-agent intelligent systems. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Systems, Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (SCSS 07), Online Conference (pp. 167). New York, NY: Springer.

 

This conference was part of the International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering (CISSE'07).

 

   Long, J., Schwartz, D. G., & Stoecklin, S. (2006). Distinguishing false from true alerts in Snort by data mining patterns of alerts. In Data Mining, Intrusion Detection, Information Assurance, and Data Networks Conference, SPIE Defense and Security Symposium 2006, Kissimmee, FL (pp. 17-21). Bellingham, WA: SPIE.

 

ISBN: 62410B-1-62410B-10.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2006). An agent-oriented logic for belief and trust. In International Workshop on Engineering Semantic Agent Systems (ESAS 2006), held in conjunction with 30th IEEE Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06) Chicago, IL (pp. 321-326). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2006). Online communities and online repositories: towards improving digital libraries by collaborative ontology-based filtering. In Simos, T. E., & Psihouios, G. (Eds.), International e-Conference on Computer Science (IeCCS 2006), Online Conference (pp. 255-258). Leiden and Boston: Brill Academic Publishers.

 

ISBN 978-90-04-15592-3.

 

   Long, J., Schwartz, D. G., & Stoecklin, S. (2005). An XML distance measure. In The 2005 International Conference on Data Mining (DMIN'05), Las Vegas, NV (pp. 119-125). CSREA Press 2005: Las Vegas, NV.

 

   Long, J., Schwartz, D. G., & Stoecklin, S. (2005). Application of case-based reasoning to multi-sensor network intrusion detection. In WSEAS/IASME International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Man-Machine Systems, and Cybernetics (CIMMACS'05), Miami, FL (pp. 260-269). Stevens Point, WI: World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS).

 

   Long, J., Schwartz, D. G., Stoecklin, S., & Patel, M. (2005). Application of loop reduction to learning program behaviors for anomaly detection. In International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing (ITCC'05), Las Vegas, NV (pp. 691-696). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Ustymenko, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2005). Applying object-oriented metaphors and design patterns in defining semantic metadata schema. In First Online Conference on Metadata and Semantics Research (MTSR'05), Online Conference (pp. 691-696). Paramus, NJ: Rinton Press.

 

   Long, J., Stoecklin, S., Schwartz, D. G., & Patel, M. (2004). Adaptive similarity measures in case-based reasoning. In The 6th IASTED International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISC'04),Honolulu, HI (pp. 260-265). Anaheim, CA: ACTA Press.

 

   Patel, M., Stoecklin, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2004). Graphical user interface using a reflective architecture and XML. In The 2004 International Conference on Software Engineering Research and Practice (SERP'04), Las Vegas, NV (pp. 648-651). Las Vegas, NV: CSREA Press.

 

   Stoecklin, S., Schwartz, D. G., Yilmaz, E., & Patel, M. (2004). A metadata architecture for case-based reasoning. In The 2004 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IC-AI'04), Las Vegas, NV (pp. 790-794). Las Vegas, NV: CSREA Press.

 

   Yilmaz, E., Stoecklin, S., & Schwartz, D. G. (2003). Toward a generic case-based reasoning framework using adaptive software architectures. In The 2003 International Conference on Information and Knowledge Engineering (IKE'03), Las Vegas, NV (pp. 512-513). Las Vegas, NV: CSREA Press.

 

The article was published in Volume II and this was also a poster presentation.

 

   Guha, R., Kachirski, O., Schwartz, D. G., & Yilmaz, E. (2002). Case-based agents for packet-level intrusion detection in ad hoc networks. In Seventeenth International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences (ISCIS'02), Orlando, FL (pp. 315-320). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G., Stoecklin, S., & Yilmaz, E. (2002). A case-based approach to network intrusion detection. In Fifth International Conference on Information Fusion (IF'02), Annapolis, MD (pp. 1084-1089). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2000). A min-max logic for linguistic likelihood. In Seventh International Conference on Fuzzy Theory & Technology (FTT'2000), Atlantic City, NJ (pp. 37-40). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

This article was also invited and the conference was held as part of The Fifth Joint Conference held as part of The Fifth Joint Conference on Information Sciences (JCIS'2000).

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (2000). Lukasiewicz inference in Layman's Probability Theory. In North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, NAFIPS'2000, Atlanta, GA (pp. 420-423). New York, NY: Elsevier Science Inc.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1999). Intelligent indexes with inheritable fuzzy relations. In North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, NAFIPS'99, New York, NY (pp. 371-375). New York, NY: Elsevier Science Inc.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1996). On the semantics for qualified syllogisms. In Fifth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZIEEE'96), New Orleans, LA (pp. 941-946). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1995). Default reasoning with qualified syllogisms. In Third International Symposium on Uncertainty Modelling and Analysis and the Annual Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, ISUMA/NAFIPS'95, College Park, MD (pp. 396-401). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1994). A connection between fuzzy quantifiers and the classical modalities. In International Joint Conference of The North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society Biannual Conference, The International Fuzzy Control and Intelligent Systems Conference, NAFIPS/IFIS/NASA '94 (pp. 310-314). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

The NASA Joint Technology Workshop on Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic, All three conferences were located in San Antonio, TX.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1994). A framework for combining fuzzy modifiers. In Third IEEE Conference on Fuzzy Sets and Systems (FUZZIEEE'94), Orlando, FL (pp. 1126-1131). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1993). Toward a logic for fuzzy syllogisms. In Second IEEE Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZIEEE'93), San Francisco, CA (pp. 71-75). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

This was also an invited paper.

 

   Uh, G. R., & Schwartz, D. G. (1993). Predicting consumer expenditure behavior with neural nets. In World Congress on Neural Networks, Portland, OR (pp. I-412-I-415). New York, NY: Psychology Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1992). A min-max semantics for fuzzy likelihood. In IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZIEEE'92), San Diego, California (pp. 1393-1398). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1992). Japanese advances in fuzzy systems research. In Society for Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE'92), Orlando, FL (pp. 583-597). Bellingham, WA: SPIE Press.

 

This article was also an invited article and was published in Science of Artificial Neural Networks, Vol. 1710.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1992). Representing fuzzy quantifiers as modal operators. In International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge Based Systems (IPMU'92), Palma de Mallorca, Spain (pp. 663-668). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Chung, H. T., & Schwartz, D. G. (1991). Design of an inference engine for reasoning with imprecise information. In Florida AI Research Symposium, FLAIRS'91, Cocoa Beach, FL (pp. 22-26). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1991). Qualitative representations of fuzzy likelihood. In World Congress on Expert Systems, Orlando, Florida (pp. 124-131). New York, NY: Pergamon.

 

This paper was also invited.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1991). Two interpretations of fuzzy likelihood. In Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems (SOFT'91), Nagoya, Japan (pp. 221-224). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Chung, H. T., & Schwartz, D. G. (1990). LR/1: a Prolog-like system for reasoning with imprecise linguistic information. In Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Symposium, FLAIRS'90, Cocoa Beach, FL (pp. 145-148). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1990). A prototype expert system shell for reasoning with imprecise information - a progress report. In North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, NAFIPS'90, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (pp. 269-272). New York, NY: Elsevier Science Inc.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1990). On the relation between fuzzy quantification, usuality, and linguistic likelihood. In International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge Based Systems (IPMU'90), Paris, France (pp. 263-265). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.

 

an invited paper.

 

   Kirmse, A., & Schwartz, D. G. (1989). A_first-order logic of chronological ignorance. In Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Symposium, FLAIRS'89, Orlando, FL (pp. 128-132). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Lamm, J., & Schwartz, D. G. (1989). A strategy for representing subjective rules. In Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Symposium, FLAIRS'89, Orlando, FL (pp. 258). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1989). A new approach to representing imprecise linguistic inferences. In Florida Arti_cial Intelligence Research Symposium, FLAIRS'89, Orlando, FL (pp. 238-240). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1989). Outline of a naive semantics for reasoning with qualitative linguistic information. In Eleventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI'89), Detroit, MI (pp. 1068-1073). Burlington, MA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.

 

   Tamir, D. E., Schwartz, D. G., & Kandel, A. (1989). An expert system for computer aided design utilizing a pattern recognition interpretation of implications. In Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Symposium, FLAIRS'89, Orlando, FL (pp. 86-90). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Lee, M. J., & Schwartz, D. G. (1988). A scheme for logical inference with linguistic attributes. In Florida Arti_cial Intelligence Research Symposium, FLAIRS'88, Orlando, FL (pp. 208-212). St. Petersburg, FL: Florida AI Research Symposium.

 

   Schneider, M., Schwartz, D. G., & Kandel, A. (1988). Fuzzy expert systems for pattern recognition. In North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society (pp. 206-210). New York, NY: Elsevier Science Inc.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1988). A computationally simple interpretation of linguistic decision rules. In North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, NAFIPS'88, San Francisco, CA (pp. 216-220). New York, NY: Elsevier Science Inc.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1988). An alternative semantics for linguistic variables. In International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge Based Systems (IPMU'88), Urbino, Italy (pp. 87-92). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.

 

Published in "Uncertainty and Intelligent Systems".

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1987). A model of expert decision making with fuzzy criteria. In Second Congress of the International Fuzzy Systems Association (IFSA-87), Tokyo, Japan (pp. 622-624). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1987). An axiomatic approach to fuzzy inference. In International Symposium on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Engineering, Guangzhou-Guiyang, China (pp. 69-77). New York, NY: Springer.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1986). Concerning some axioms for a fragment of approximate reasoning. In Recent Developments in the Theory and Applications of Fuzzy Sets, Proceedings of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, NAFIPS'86, New Orleans, LA (pp. 516-523). New York, NY: Elsevier Science Inc.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1985). A restriction of fuzzy logic to crisp intervals. In North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society Workshop on Fuzzy Expert Systems and Decision Support, NAFIPS'85, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA (pp. 1). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

one page abstract.

 

   Schwartz, D. G. (1985). One cornerstone in the mathematical foundations for a system of fuzzy-logic programming. In The Second Conference on Arti_cial Intelligence Applications: The Engineering of Knowledge-Based Systems, Miami Beach, FL (pp. 618-620). New York, NY: IEEE Press.

 

  Schwartz, D. G. (1983). Remarks on the scientific use of nonclassical modes of reasoning. In The Relation between Major World Problems and Systems Learning, Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the Society for General Systems Research, Detroit, Michigan (pp. 205-210). Pocklington, York , United Kingdom: Society for General Systems Research.

 

  Schwartz, D. G. (1981). Forecasting in a fuzzy environment. In General Systems Research and Design: Precursors and Futures, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the Society for General Systems Research, Toronto, Canada (pp. 20-26). Pocklington, York , United Kingdom: Society for General Systems Research.