Linux kernel & device driver programming

Cross-Referenced Linux and Device Driver Code

[ source navigation ] [ diff markup ] [ identifier search ] [ freetext search ] [ file search ]
Version: [ 2.6.11.8 ] [ 2.6.25 ] [ 2.6.25.8 ] [ 2.6.31.13 ] Architecture: [ i386 ]
  1 /*
  2  *  linux/mm/vmscan.c
  3  *
  4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994  Linus Torvalds
  5  *
  6  *  Swap reorganised 29.12.95, Stephen Tweedie.
  7  *  kswapd added: 7.1.96  sct
  8  *  Removed kswapd_ctl limits, and swap out as many pages as needed
  9  *  to bring the system back to freepages.high: 2.4.97, Rik van Riel.
 10  *  Zone aware kswapd started 02/00, Kanoj Sarcar (kanoj@sgi.com).
 11  *  Multiqueue VM started 5.8.00, Rik van Riel.
 12  */
 13 
 14 #include <linux/mm.h>
 15 #include <linux/module.h>
 16 #include <linux/slab.h>
 17 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
 18 #include <linux/swap.h>
 19 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
 20 #include <linux/init.h>
 21 #include <linux/highmem.h>
 22 #include <linux/vmstat.h>
 23 #include <linux/file.h>
 24 #include <linux/writeback.h>
 25 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
 26 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 27 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>  /* for try_to_release_page(),
 28                                         buffer_heads_over_limit */
 29 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
 30 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
 31 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
 32 #include <linux/rmap.h>
 33 #include <linux/topology.h>
 34 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 35 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
 36 #include <linux/notifier.h>
 37 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
 38 #include <linux/delay.h>
 39 #include <linux/kthread.h>
 40 #include <linux/freezer.h>
 41 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
 42 
 43 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 44 #include <asm/div64.h>
 45 
 46 #include <linux/swapops.h>
 47 
 48 #include "internal.h"
 49 
 50 struct scan_control {
 51         /* Incremented by the number of inactive pages that were scanned */
 52         unsigned long nr_scanned;
 53 
 54         /* This context's GFP mask */
 55         gfp_t gfp_mask;
 56 
 57         int may_writepage;
 58 
 59         /* Can pages be swapped as part of reclaim? */
 60         int may_swap;
 61 
 62         /* This context's SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX. If freeing memory for
 63          * suspend, we effectively ignore SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX.
 64          * In this context, it doesn't matter that we scan the
 65          * whole list at once. */
 66         int swap_cluster_max;
 67 
 68         int swappiness;
 69 
 70         int all_unreclaimable;
 71 
 72         int order;
 73 
 74         /* Which cgroup do we reclaim from */
 75         struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup;
 76 
 77         /* Pluggable isolate pages callback */
 78         unsigned long (*isolate_pages)(unsigned long nr, struct list_head *dst,
 79                         unsigned long *scanned, int order, int mode,
 80                         struct zone *z, struct mem_cgroup *mem_cont,
 81                         int active);
 82 };
 83 
 84 #define lru_to_page(_head) (list_entry((_head)->prev, struct page, lru))
 85 
 86 #ifdef ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
 87 #define prefetch_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field)                    \
 88         do {                                                            \
 89                 if ((_page)->lru.prev != _base) {                       \
 90                         struct page *prev;                              \
 91                                                                         \
 92                         prev = lru_to_page(&(_page->lru));              \
 93                         prefetch(&prev->_field);                        \
 94                 }                                                       \
 95         } while (0)
 96 #else
 97 #define prefetch_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field) do { } while (0)
 98 #endif
 99 
100 #ifdef ARCH_HAS_PREFETCHW
101 #define prefetchw_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field)                   \
102         do {                                                            \
103                 if ((_page)->lru.prev != _base) {                       \
104                         struct page *prev;                              \
105                                                                         \
106                         prev = lru_to_page(&(_page->lru));              \
107                         prefetchw(&prev->_field);                       \
108                 }                                                       \
109         } while (0)
110 #else
111 #define prefetchw_prev_lru_page(_page, _base, _field) do { } while (0)
112 #endif
113 
114 /*
115  * From 0 .. 100.  Higher means more swappy.
116  */
117 int vm_swappiness = 60;
118 long vm_total_pages;    /* The total number of pages which the VM controls */
119 
120 static LIST_HEAD(shrinker_list);
121 static DECLARE_RWSEM(shrinker_rwsem);
122 
123 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
124 #define scan_global_lru(sc)     (!(sc)->mem_cgroup)
125 #else
126 #define scan_global_lru(sc)     (1)
127 #endif
128 
129 /*
130  * Add a shrinker callback to be called from the vm
131  */
132 void register_shrinker(struct shrinker *shrinker)
133 {
134         shrinker->nr = 0;
135         down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
136         list_add_tail(&shrinker->list, &shrinker_list);
137         up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
138 }
139 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_shrinker);
140 
141 /*
142  * Remove one
143  */
144 void unregister_shrinker(struct shrinker *shrinker)
145 {
146         down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
147         list_del(&shrinker->list);
148         up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
149 }
150 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_shrinker);
151 
152 #define SHRINK_BATCH 128
153 /*
154  * Call the shrink functions to age shrinkable caches
155  *
156  * Here we assume it costs one seek to replace a lru page and that it also
157  * takes a seek to recreate a cache object.  With this in mind we age equal
158  * percentages of the lru and ageable caches.  This should balance the seeks
159  * generated by these structures.
160  *
161  * If the vm encountered mapped pages on the LRU it increase the pressure on
162  * slab to avoid swapping.
163  *
164  * We do weird things to avoid (scanned*seeks*entries) overflowing 32 bits.
165  *
166  * `lru_pages' represents the number of on-LRU pages in all the zones which
167  * are eligible for the caller's allocation attempt.  It is used for balancing
168  * slab reclaim versus page reclaim.
169  *
170  * Returns the number of slab objects which we shrunk.
171  */
172 unsigned long shrink_slab(unsigned long scanned, gfp_t gfp_mask,
173                         unsigned long lru_pages)
174 {
175         struct shrinker *shrinker;
176         unsigned long ret = 0;
177 
178         if (scanned == 0)
179                 scanned = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX;
180 
181         if (!down_read_trylock(&shrinker_rwsem))
182                 return 1;       /* Assume we'll be able to shrink next time */
183 
184         list_for_each_entry(shrinker, &shrinker_list, list) {
185                 unsigned long long delta;
186                 unsigned long total_scan;
187                 unsigned long max_pass = (*shrinker->shrink)(0, gfp_mask);
188 
189                 delta = (4 * scanned) / shrinker->seeks;
190                 delta *= max_pass;
191                 do_div(delta, lru_pages + 1);
192                 shrinker->nr += delta;
193                 if (shrinker->nr < 0) {
194                         printk(KERN_ERR "%s: nr=%ld\n",
195                                         __FUNCTION__, shrinker->nr);
196                         shrinker->nr = max_pass;
197                 }
198 
199                 /*
200                  * Avoid risking looping forever due to too large nr value:
201                  * never try to free more than twice the estimate number of
202                  * freeable entries.
203                  */
204                 if (shrinker->nr > max_pass * 2)
205                         shrinker->nr = max_pass * 2;
206 
207                 total_scan = shrinker->nr;
208                 shrinker->nr = 0;
209 
210                 while (total_scan >= SHRINK_BATCH) {
211                         long this_scan = SHRINK_BATCH;
212                         int shrink_ret;
213                         int nr_before;
214 
215                         nr_before = (*shrinker->shrink)(0, gfp_mask);
216                         shrink_ret = (*shrinker->shrink)(this_scan, gfp_mask);
217                         if (shrink_ret == -1)
218                                 break;
219                         if (shrink_ret < nr_before)
220                                 ret += nr_before - shrink_ret;
221                         count_vm_events(SLABS_SCANNED, this_scan);
222                         total_scan -= this_scan;
223 
224                         cond_resched();
225                 }
226 
227                 shrinker->nr += total_scan;
228         }
229         up_read(&shrinker_rwsem);
230         return ret;
231 }
232 
233 /* Called without lock on whether page is mapped, so answer is unstable */
234 static inline int page_mapping_inuse(struct page *page)
235 {
236         struct address_space *mapping;
237 
238         /* Page is in somebody's page tables. */
239         if (page_mapped(page))
240                 return 1;
241 
242         /* Be more reluctant to reclaim swapcache than pagecache */
243         if (PageSwapCache(page))
244                 return 1;
245 
246         mapping = page_mapping(page);
247         if (!mapping)
248                 return 0;
249 
250         /* File is mmap'd by somebody? */
251         return mapping_mapped(mapping);
252 }
253 
254 static inline int is_page_cache_freeable(struct page *page)
255 {
256         return page_count(page) - !!PagePrivate(page) == 2;
257 }
258 
259 static int may_write_to_queue(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
260 {
261         if (current->flags & PF_SWAPWRITE)
262                 return 1;
263         if (!bdi_write_congested(bdi))
264                 return 1;
265         if (bdi == current->backing_dev_info)
266                 return 1;
267         return 0;
268 }
269 
270 /*
271  * We detected a synchronous write error writing a page out.  Probably
272  * -ENOSPC.  We need to propagate that into the address_space for a subsequent
273  * fsync(), msync() or close().
274  *
275  * The tricky part is that after writepage we cannot touch the mapping: nothing
276  * prevents it from being freed up.  But we have a ref on the page and once
277  * that page is locked, the mapping is pinned.
278  *
279  * We're allowed to run sleeping lock_page() here because we know the caller has
280  * __GFP_FS.
281  */
282 static void handle_write_error(struct address_space *mapping,
283                                 struct page *page, int error)
284 {
285         lock_page(page);
286         if (page_mapping(page) == mapping)
287                 mapping_set_error(mapping, error);
288         unlock_page(page);
289 }
290 
291 /* Request for sync pageout. */
292 enum pageout_io {
293         PAGEOUT_IO_ASYNC,
294         PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC,
295 };
296 
297 /* possible outcome of pageout() */
298 typedef enum {
299         /* failed to write page out, page is locked */
300         PAGE_KEEP,
301         /* move page to the active list, page is locked */
302         PAGE_ACTIVATE,
303         /* page has been sent to the disk successfully, page is unlocked */
304         PAGE_SUCCESS,
305         /* page is clean and locked */
306         PAGE_CLEAN,
307 } pageout_t;
308 
309 /*
310  * pageout is called by shrink_page_list() for each dirty page.
311  * Calls ->writepage().
312  */
313 static pageout_t pageout(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping,
314                                                 enum pageout_io sync_writeback)
315 {
316         /*
317          * If the page is dirty, only perform writeback if that write
318          * will be non-blocking.  To prevent this allocation from being
319          * stalled by pagecache activity.  But note that there may be
320          * stalls if we need to run get_block().  We could test
321          * PagePrivate for that.
322          *
323          * If this process is currently in generic_file_write() against
324          * this page's queue, we can perform writeback even if that
325          * will block.
326          *
327          * If the page is swapcache, write it back even if that would
328          * block, for some throttling. This happens by accident, because
329          * swap_backing_dev_info is bust: it doesn't reflect the
330          * congestion state of the swapdevs.  Easy to fix, if needed.
331          * See swapfile.c:page_queue_congested().
332          */
333         if (!is_page_cache_freeable(page))
334                 return PAGE_KEEP;
335         if (!mapping) {
336                 /*
337                  * Some data journaling orphaned pages can have
338                  * page->mapping == NULL while being dirty with clean buffers.
339                  */
340                 if (PagePrivate(page)) {
341                         if (try_to_free_buffers(page)) {
342                                 ClearPageDirty(page);
343                                 printk("%s: orphaned page\n", __FUNCTION__);
344                                 return PAGE_CLEAN;
345                         }
346                 }
347                 return PAGE_KEEP;
348         }
349         if (mapping->a_ops->writepage == NULL)
350                 return PAGE_ACTIVATE;
351         if (!may_write_to_queue(mapping->backing_dev_info))
352                 return PAGE_KEEP;
353 
354         if (clear_page_dirty_for_io(page)) {
355                 int res;
356                 struct writeback_control wbc = {
357                         .sync_mode = WB_SYNC_NONE,
358                         .nr_to_write = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
359                         .range_start = 0,
360                         .range_end = LLONG_MAX,
361                         .nonblocking = 1,
362                         .for_reclaim = 1,
363                 };
364 
365                 SetPageReclaim(page);
366                 res = mapping->a_ops->writepage(page, &wbc);
367                 if (res < 0)
368                         handle_write_error(mapping, page, res);
369                 if (res == AOP_WRITEPAGE_ACTIVATE) {
370                         ClearPageReclaim(page);
371                         return PAGE_ACTIVATE;
372                 }
373 
374                 /*
375                  * Wait on writeback if requested to. This happens when
376                  * direct reclaiming a large contiguous area and the
377                  * first attempt to free a range of pages fails.
378                  */
379                 if (PageWriteback(page) && sync_writeback == PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC)
380                         wait_on_page_writeback(page);
381 
382                 if (!PageWriteback(page)) {
383                         /* synchronous write or broken a_ops? */
384                         ClearPageReclaim(page);
385                 }
386                 inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_VMSCAN_WRITE);
387                 return PAGE_SUCCESS;
388         }
389 
390         return PAGE_CLEAN;
391 }
392 
393 /*
394  * Attempt to detach a locked page from its ->mapping.  If it is dirty or if
395  * someone else has a ref on the page, abort and return 0.  If it was
396  * successfully detached, return 1.  Assumes the caller has a single ref on
397  * this page.
398  */
399 int remove_mapping(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *page)
400 {
401         BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
402         BUG_ON(mapping != page_mapping(page));
403 
404         lock_page_ref_irq(page);
405         /*
406          * The non racy check for a busy page.
407          *
408          * Must be careful with the order of the tests. When someone has
409          * a ref to the page, it may be possible that they dirty it then
410          * drop the reference. So if PageDirty is tested before page_count
411          * here, then the following race may occur:
412          *
413          * get_user_pages(&page);
414          * [user mapping goes away]
415          * write_to(page);
416          *                              !PageDirty(page)    [good]
417          * SetPageDirty(page);
418          * put_page(page);
419          *                              !page_count(page)   [good, discard it]
420          *
421          * [oops, our write_to data is lost]
422          *
423          * Reversing the order of the tests ensures such a situation cannot
424          * escape unnoticed. The smp_rmb is needed to ensure the page->flags
425          * load is not satisfied before that of page->_count.
426          *
427          * Note that if SetPageDirty is always performed via set_page_dirty,
428          * and thus under tree_lock, then this ordering is not required.
429          */
430         if (unlikely(page_count(page) != 2))
431                 goto cannot_free;
432         smp_rmb();
433         if (unlikely(PageDirty(page)))
434                 goto cannot_free;
435 
436         if (PageSwapCache(page)) {
437                 swp_entry_t swap = { .val = page_private(page) };
438                 __delete_from_swap_cache(page);
439                 swap_free(swap);
440                 goto free_it;
441         }
442 
443         __remove_from_page_cache(page);
444 
445 free_it:
446         unlock_page_ref_irq(page);
447         __put_page(page); /* The pagecache ref */
448         return 1;
449 
450 cannot_free:
451         unlock_page_ref_irq(page);
452         return 0;
453 }
454 
455 /*
456  * shrink_page_list() returns the number of reclaimed pages
457  */
458 static unsigned long shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
459                                         struct scan_control *sc,
460                                         enum pageout_io sync_writeback)
461 {
462         LIST_HEAD(ret_pages);
463         struct pagevec freed_pvec;
464         int pgactivate = 0;
465         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
466 
467         cond_resched();
468 
469         pagevec_init(&freed_pvec, 1);
470         while (!list_empty(page_list)) {
471                 struct address_space *mapping;
472                 struct page *page;
473                 int may_enter_fs;
474                 int referenced;
475 
476                 cond_resched();
477 
478                 page = lru_to_page(page_list);
479                 list_del(&page->lru);
480 
481                 if (TestSetPageLocked(page))
482                         goto keep;
483 
484                 VM_BUG_ON(PageActive(page));
485 
486                 sc->nr_scanned++;
487 
488                 if (!sc->may_swap && page_mapped(page))
489                         goto keep_locked;
490 
491                 /* Double the slab pressure for mapped and swapcache pages */
492                 if (page_mapped(page) || PageSwapCache(page))
493                         sc->nr_scanned++;
494 
495                 may_enter_fs = (sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_FS) ||
496                         (PageSwapCache(page) && (sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_IO));
497 
498                 if (PageWriteback(page)) {
499                         /*
500                          * Synchronous reclaim is performed in two passes,
501                          * first an asynchronous pass over the list to
502                          * start parallel writeback, and a second synchronous
503                          * pass to wait for the IO to complete.  Wait here
504                          * for any page for which writeback has already
505                          * started.
506                          */
507                         if (sync_writeback == PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC && may_enter_fs)
508                                 wait_on_page_writeback(page);
509                         else
510                                 goto keep_locked;
511                 }
512 
513                 referenced = page_referenced(page, 1, sc->mem_cgroup);
514                 /* In active use or really unfreeable?  Activate it. */
515                 if (sc->order <= PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER &&
516                                         referenced && page_mapping_inuse(page))
517                         goto activate_locked;
518 
519 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
520                 /*
521                  * Anonymous process memory has backing store?
522                  * Try to allocate it some swap space here.
523                  */
524                 if (PageAnon(page) && !PageSwapCache(page))
525                         if (!add_to_swap(page, GFP_ATOMIC))
526                                 goto activate_locked;
527 #endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
528 
529                 mapping = page_mapping(page);
530 
531                 /*
532                  * The page is mapped into the page tables of one or more
533                  * processes. Try to unmap it here.
534                  */
535                 if (page_mapped(page) && mapping) {
536                         switch (try_to_unmap(page, 0)) {
537                         case SWAP_FAIL:
538                                 goto activate_locked;
539                         case SWAP_AGAIN:
540                                 goto keep_locked;
541                         case SWAP_SUCCESS:
542                                 ; /* try to free the page below */
543                         }
544                 }
545 
546                 if (PageDirty(page)) {
547                         if (sc->order <= PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER && referenced)
548                                 goto keep_locked;
549                         if (!may_enter_fs)
550                                 goto keep_locked;
551                         if (!sc->may_writepage)
552                                 goto keep_locked;
553 
554                         /* Page is dirty, try to write it out here */
555                         switch (pageout(page, mapping, sync_writeback)) {
556                         case PAGE_KEEP:
557                                 goto keep_locked;
558                         case PAGE_ACTIVATE:
559                                 goto activate_locked;
560                         case PAGE_SUCCESS:
561                                 if (PageWriteback(page) || PageDirty(page))
562                                         goto keep;
563                                 /*
564                                  * A synchronous write - probably a ramdisk.  Go
565                                  * ahead and try to reclaim the page.
566                                  */
567                                 if (TestSetPageLocked(page))
568                                         goto keep;
569                                 if (PageDirty(page) || PageWriteback(page))
570                                         goto keep_locked;
571                                 mapping = page_mapping(page);
572                         case PAGE_CLEAN:
573                                 ; /* try to free the page below */
574                         }
575                 }
576 
577                 /*
578                  * If the page has buffers, try to free the buffer mappings
579                  * associated with this page. If we succeed we try to free
580                  * the page as well.
581                  *
582                  * We do this even if the page is PageDirty().
583                  * try_to_release_page() does not perform I/O, but it is
584                  * possible for a page to have PageDirty set, but it is actually
585                  * clean (all its buffers are clean).  This happens if the
586                  * buffers were written out directly, with submit_bh(). ext3
587                  * will do this, as well as the blockdev mapping. 
588                  * try_to_release_page() will discover that cleanness and will
589                  * drop the buffers and mark the page clean - it can be freed.
590                  *
591                  * Rarely, pages can have buffers and no ->mapping.  These are
592                  * the pages which were not successfully invalidated in
593                  * truncate_complete_page().  We try to drop those buffers here
594                  * and if that worked, and the page is no longer mapped into
595                  * process address space (page_count == 1) it can be freed.
596                  * Otherwise, leave the page on the LRU so it is swappable.
597                  */
598                 if (PagePrivate(page)) {
599                         if (!try_to_release_page(page, sc->gfp_mask))
600                                 goto activate_locked;
601                         if (!mapping && page_count(page) == 1)
602                                 goto free_it;
603                 }
604 
605                 if (!mapping || !remove_mapping(mapping, page))
606                         goto keep_locked;
607 
608 free_it:
609                 unlock_page(page);
610                 nr_reclaimed++;
611                 if (!pagevec_add(&freed_pvec, page))
612                         __pagevec_release_nonlru(&freed_pvec);
613                 continue;
614 
615 activate_locked:
616                 SetPageActive(page);
617                 pgactivate++;
618 keep_locked:
619                 unlock_page(page);
620 keep:
621                 list_add(&page->lru, &ret_pages);
622                 VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
623         }
624         list_splice(&ret_pages, page_list);
625         if (pagevec_count(&freed_pvec))
626                 __pagevec_release_nonlru(&freed_pvec);
627         count_vm_events(PGACTIVATE, pgactivate);
628         return nr_reclaimed;
629 }
630 
631 /* LRU Isolation modes. */
632 #define ISOLATE_INACTIVE 0      /* Isolate inactive pages. */
633 #define ISOLATE_ACTIVE 1        /* Isolate active pages. */
634 #define ISOLATE_BOTH 2          /* Isolate both active and inactive pages. */
635 
636 /*
637  * Attempt to remove the specified page from its LRU.  Only take this page
638  * if it is of the appropriate PageActive status.  Pages which are being
639  * freed elsewhere are also ignored.
640  *
641  * page:        page to consider
642  * mode:        one of the LRU isolation modes defined above
643  *
644  * returns 0 on success, -ve errno on failure.
645  */
646 int __isolate_lru_page(struct page *page, int mode)
647 {
648         int ret = -EINVAL;
649 
650         /* Only take pages on the LRU. */
651         if (!PageLRU(page))
652                 return ret;
653 
654         /*
655          * When checking the active state, we need to be sure we are
656          * dealing with comparible boolean values.  Take the logical not
657          * of each.
658          */
659         if (mode != ISOLATE_BOTH && (!PageActive(page) != !mode))
660                 return ret;
661 
662         ret = -EBUSY;
663         if (likely(get_page_unless_zero(page))) {
664                 /*
665                  * Be careful not to clear PageLRU until after we're
666                  * sure the page is not being freed elsewhere -- the
667                  * page release code relies on it.
668                  */
669                 ClearPageLRU(page);
670                 ret = 0;
671         }
672 
673         return ret;
674 }
675 
676 /*
677  * zone->lru_lock is heavily contended.  Some of the functions that
678  * shrink the lists perform better by taking out a batch of pages
679  * and working on them outside the LRU lock.
680  *
681  * For pagecache intensive workloads, this function is the hottest
682  * spot in the kernel (apart from copy_*_user functions).
683  *
684  * Appropriate locks must be held before calling this function.
685  *
686  * @nr_to_scan: The number of pages to look through on the list.
687  * @src:        The LRU list to pull pages off.
688  * @dst:        The temp list to put pages on to.
689  * @scanned:    The number of pages that were scanned.
690  * @order:      The caller's attempted allocation order
691  * @mode:       One of the LRU isolation modes
692  *
693  * returns how many pages were moved onto *@dst.
694  */
695 static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
696                 struct list_head *src, struct list_head *dst,
697                 unsigned long *scanned, int order, int mode)
698 {
699         unsigned long nr_taken = 0;
700         unsigned long scan;
701 
702         for (scan = 0; scan < nr_to_scan && !list_empty(src); scan++) {
703                 struct page *page;
704                 unsigned long pfn;
705                 unsigned long end_pfn;
706                 unsigned long page_pfn;
707                 int zone_id;
708 
709                 page = lru_to_page(src);
710                 prefetchw_prev_lru_page(page, src, flags);
711 
712                 VM_BUG_ON(!PageLRU(page));
713 
714                 switch (__isolate_lru_page(page, mode)) {
715                 case 0:
716                         list_move(&page->lru, dst);
717                         nr_taken++;
718                         break;
719 
720                 case -EBUSY:
721                         /* else it is being freed elsewhere */
722                         list_move(&page->lru, src);
723                         continue;
724 
725                 default:
726                         BUG();
727                 }
728 
729                 if (!order)
730                         continue;
731 
732                 /*
733                  * Attempt to take all pages in the order aligned region
734                  * surrounding the tag page.  Only take those pages of
735                  * the same active state as that tag page.  We may safely
736                  * round the target page pfn down to the requested order
737                  * as the mem_map is guarenteed valid out to MAX_ORDER,
738                  * where that page is in a different zone we will detect
739                  * it from its zone id and abort this block scan.
740                  */
741                 zone_id = page_zone_id(page);
742                 page_pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
743                 pfn = page_pfn & ~((1 << order) - 1);
744                 end_pfn = pfn + (1 << order);
745                 for (; pfn < end_pfn; pfn++) {
746                         struct page *cursor_page;
747 
748                         /* The target page is in the block, ignore it. */
749                         if (unlikely(pfn == page_pfn))
750                                 continue;
751 
752                         /* Avoid holes within the zone. */
753                         if (unlikely(!pfn_valid_within(pfn)))
754                                 break;
755 
756                         cursor_page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
757                         /* Check that we have not crossed a zone boundary. */
758                         if (unlikely(page_zone_id(cursor_page) != zone_id))
759                                 continue;
760                         switch (__isolate_lru_page(cursor_page, mode)) {
761                         case 0:
762                                 list_move(&cursor_page->lru, dst);
763                                 nr_taken++;
764                                 scan++;
765                                 break;
766 
767                         case -EBUSY:
768                                 /* else it is being freed elsewhere */
769                                 list_move(&cursor_page->lru, src);
770                         default:
771                                 break;
772                         }
773                 }
774         }
775 
776         *scanned = scan;
777         return nr_taken;
778 }
779 
780 static unsigned long isolate_pages_global(unsigned long nr,
781                                         struct list_head *dst,
782                                         unsigned long *scanned, int order,
783                                         int mode, struct zone *z,
784                                         struct mem_cgroup *mem_cont,
785                                         int active)
786 {
787         if (active)
788                 return isolate_lru_pages(nr, &z->active_list, dst,
789                                                 scanned, order, mode);
790         else
791                 return isolate_lru_pages(nr, &z->inactive_list, dst,
792                                                 scanned, order, mode);
793 }
794 
795 /*
796  * clear_active_flags() is a helper for shrink_active_list(), clearing
797  * any active bits from the pages in the list.
798  */
799 static unsigned long clear_active_flags(struct list_head *page_list)
800 {
801         int nr_active = 0;
802         struct page *page;
803 
804         list_for_each_entry(page, page_list, lru)
805                 if (PageActive(page)) {
806                         ClearPageActive(page);
807                         nr_active++;
808                 }
809 
810         return nr_active;
811 }
812 
813 /*
814  * shrink_inactive_list() is a helper for shrink_zone().  It returns the number
815  * of reclaimed pages
816  */
817 static unsigned long shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long max_scan,
818                                 struct zone *zone, struct scan_control *sc)
819 {
820         LIST_HEAD(page_list);
821         struct pagevec pvec;
822         unsigned long nr_scanned = 0;
823         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
824 
825         pagevec_init(&pvec, 1);
826 
827         lru_add_drain();
828         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
829         do {
830                 struct page *page;
831                 unsigned long nr_taken;
832                 unsigned long nr_scan;
833                 unsigned long nr_freed;
834                 unsigned long nr_active;
835 
836                 nr_taken = sc->isolate_pages(sc->swap_cluster_max,
837                              &page_list, &nr_scan, sc->order,
838                              (sc->order > PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER)?
839                                              ISOLATE_BOTH : ISOLATE_INACTIVE,
840                                 zone, sc->mem_cgroup, 0);
841                 nr_active = clear_active_flags(&page_list);
842                 __count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, nr_active);
843 
844                 __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE, -nr_active);
845                 __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE,
846                                                 -(nr_taken - nr_active));
847                 if (scan_global_lru(sc))
848                         zone->pages_scanned += nr_scan;
849                 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
850 
851                 nr_scanned += nr_scan;
852                 nr_freed = shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc, PAGEOUT_IO_ASYNC);
853 
854                 /*
855                  * If we are direct reclaiming for contiguous pages and we do
856                  * not reclaim everything in the list, try again and wait
857                  * for IO to complete. This will stall high-order allocations
858                  * but that should be acceptable to the caller
859                  */
860                 if (nr_freed < nr_taken && !current_is_kswapd() &&
861                                         sc->order > PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER) {
862                         congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/10);
863 
864                         /*
865                          * The attempt at page out may have made some
866                          * of the pages active, mark them inactive again.
867                          */
868                         nr_active = clear_active_flags(&page_list);
869                         count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, nr_active);
870 
871                         nr_freed += shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc,
872                                                         PAGEOUT_IO_SYNC);
873                 }
874 
875                 nr_reclaimed += nr_freed;
876                 local_irq_disable_nort();
877                 if (current_is_kswapd()) {
878                         __count_zone_vm_events(PGSCAN_KSWAPD, zone, nr_scan);
879                         __count_vm_events(KSWAPD_STEAL, nr_freed);
880                 } else if (scan_global_lru(sc))
881                         __count_zone_vm_events(PGSCAN_DIRECT, zone, nr_scan);
882 
883                 __count_zone_vm_events(PGSTEAL, zone, nr_freed);
884 
885                 if (nr_taken == 0)
886                         goto done;
887 
888                 spin_lock(&zone->lru_lock);
889                 /*
890                  * Put back any unfreeable pages.
891                  */
892                 while (!list_empty(&page_list)) {
893                         page = lru_to_page(&page_list);
894                         VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
895                         SetPageLRU(page);
896                         list_del(&page->lru);
897                         if (PageActive(page))
898                                 add_page_to_active_list(zone, page);
899                         else
900                                 add_page_to_inactive_list(zone, page);
901                         if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
902                                 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
903                                 __pagevec_release(&pvec);
904                                 spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
905                         }
906                 }
907         } while (nr_scanned < max_scan);
908         /*
909          * Non-PREEMPT_RT relies on IRQs-off protecting the page_states
910          * per-CPU data. PREEMPT_RT has that data protected even in
911          * __mod_page_state(), so no need to keep IRQs disabled.
912          */
913         spin_unlock(&zone->lru_lock);
914 done:
915         local_irq_enable_nort();
916         pagevec_release(&pvec);
917         return nr_reclaimed;
918 }
919 
920 /*
921  * We are about to scan this zone at a certain priority level.  If that priority
922  * level is smaller (ie: more urgent) than the previous priority, then note
923  * that priority level within the zone.  This is done so that when the next
924  * process comes in to scan this zone, it will immediately start out at this
925  * priority level rather than having to build up its own scanning priority.
926  * Here, this priority affects only the reclaim-mapped threshold.
927  */
928 static inline void note_zone_scanning_priority(struct zone *zone, int priority)
929 {
930         if (priority < zone->prev_priority)
931                 zone->prev_priority = priority;
932 }
933 
934 static inline int zone_is_near_oom(struct zone *zone)
935 {
936         return zone->pages_scanned >= (zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE)
937                                 + zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE))*3;
938 }
939 
940 /*
941  * Determine we should try to reclaim mapped pages.
942  * This is called only when sc->mem_cgroup is NULL.
943  */
944 static int calc_reclaim_mapped(struct scan_control *sc, struct zone *zone,
945                                 int priority)
946 {
947         long mapped_ratio;
948         long distress;
949         long swap_tendency;
950         long imbalance;
951         int reclaim_mapped = 0;
952         int prev_priority;
953 
954         if (scan_global_lru(sc) && zone_is_near_oom(zone))
955                 return 1;
956         /*
957          * `distress' is a measure of how much trouble we're having
958          * reclaiming pages.  0 -> no problems.  100 -> great trouble.
959          */
960         if (scan_global_lru(sc))
961                 prev_priority = zone->prev_priority;
962         else
963                 prev_priority = mem_cgroup_get_reclaim_priority(sc->mem_cgroup);
964 
965         distress = 100 >> min(prev_priority, priority);
966 
967         /*
968          * The point of this algorithm is to decide when to start
969          * reclaiming mapped memory instead of just pagecache.  Work out
970          * how much memory
971          * is mapped.
972          */
973         if (scan_global_lru(sc))
974                 mapped_ratio = ((global_page_state(NR_FILE_MAPPED) +
975                                 global_page_state(NR_ANON_PAGES)) * 100) /
976                                         vm_total_pages;
977         else
978                 mapped_ratio = mem_cgroup_calc_mapped_ratio(sc->mem_cgroup);
979 
980         /*
981          * Now decide how much we really want to unmap some pages.  The
982          * mapped ratio is downgraded - just because there's a lot of
983          * mapped memory doesn't necessarily mean that page reclaim
984          * isn't succeeding.
985          *
986          * The distress ratio is important - we don't want to start
987          * going oom.
988          *
989          * A 100% value of vm_swappiness overrides this algorithm
990          * altogether.
991          */
992         swap_tendency = mapped_ratio / 2 + distress + sc->swappiness;
993 
994         /*
995          * If there's huge imbalance between active and inactive
996          * (think active 100 times larger than inactive) we should
997          * become more permissive, or the system will take too much
998          * cpu before it start swapping during memory pressure.
999          * Distress is about avoiding early-oom, this is about
1000          * making swappiness graceful despite setting it to low
1001          * values.
1002          *
1003          * Avoid div by zero with nr_inactive+1, and max resulting
1004          * value is vm_total_pages.
1005          */
1006         if (scan_global_lru(sc)) {
1007                 imbalance  = zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE);
1008                 imbalance /= zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE) + 1;
1009         } else
1010                 imbalance = mem_cgroup_reclaim_imbalance(sc->mem_cgroup);
1011 
1012         /*
1013          * Reduce the effect of imbalance if swappiness is low,
1014          * this means for a swappiness very low, the imbalance
1015          * must be much higher than 100 for this logic to make
1016          * the difference.
1017          *
1018          * Max temporary value is vm_total_pages*100.
1019          */
1020         imbalance *= (vm_swappiness + 1);
1021         imbalance /= 100;
1022 
1023         /*
1024          * If not much of the ram is mapped, makes the imbalance
1025          * less relevant, it's high priority we refill the inactive
1026          * list with mapped pages only in presence of high ratio of
1027          * mapped pages.
1028          *
1029          * Max temporary value is vm_total_pages*100.
1030          */
1031         imbalance *= mapped_ratio;
1032         imbalance /= 100;
1033 
1034         /* apply imbalance feedback to swap_tendency */
1035         swap_tendency += imbalance;
1036 
1037         /*
1038          * Now use this metric to decide whether to start moving mapped
1039          * memory onto the inactive list.
1040          */
1041         if (swap_tendency >= 100)
1042                 reclaim_mapped = 1;
1043 
1044         return reclaim_mapped;
1045 }
1046 
1047 /*
1048  * This moves pages from the active list to the inactive list.
1049  *
1050  * We move them the other way if the page is referenced by one or more
1051  * processes, from rmap.
1052  *
1053  * If the pages are mostly unmapped, the processing is fast and it is
1054  * appropriate to hold zone->lru_lock across the whole operation.  But if
1055  * the pages are mapped, the processing is slow (page_referenced()) so we
1056  * should drop zone->lru_lock around each page.  It's impossible to balance
1057  * this, so instead we remove the pages from the LRU while processing them.
1058  * It is safe to rely on PG_active against the non-LRU pages in here because
1059  * nobody will play with that bit on a non-LRU page.
1060  *
1061  * The downside is that we have to touch page->_count against each page.
1062  * But we had to alter page->flags anyway.
1063  */
1064 
1065 
1066 static void shrink_active_list(unsigned long nr_pages, struct zone *zone,
1067                                 struct scan_control *sc, int priority)
1068 {
1069         unsigned long pgmoved;
1070         int pgdeactivate = 0;
1071         unsigned long pgscanned;
1072         LIST_HEAD(l_hold);      /* The pages which were snipped off */
1073         LIST_HEAD(l_inactive);  /* Pages to go onto the inactive_list */
1074         LIST_HEAD(l_active);    /* Pages to go onto the active_list */
1075         struct page *page;
1076         struct pagevec pvec;
1077         int reclaim_mapped = 0;
1078 
1079         if (sc->may_swap)
1080                 reclaim_mapped = calc_reclaim_mapped(sc, zone, priority);
1081 
1082         lru_add_drain();
1083         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1084         pgmoved = sc->isolate_pages(nr_pages, &l_hold, &pgscanned, sc->order,
1085                                         ISOLATE_ACTIVE, zone,
1086                                         sc->mem_cgroup, 1);
1087         /*
1088          * zone->pages_scanned is used for detect zone's oom
1089          * mem_cgroup remembers nr_scan by itself.
1090          */
1091         if (scan_global_lru(sc))
1092                 zone->pages_scanned += pgscanned;
1093 
1094         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE, -pgmoved);
1095         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1096 
1097         while (!list_empty(&l_hold)) {
1098                 cond_resched();
1099                 page = lru_to_page(&l_hold);
1100                 list_del(&page->lru);
1101                 if (page_mapped(page)) {
1102                         if (!reclaim_mapped ||
1103                             (total_swap_pages == 0 && PageAnon(page)) ||
1104                             page_referenced(page, 0, sc->mem_cgroup)) {
1105                                 list_add(&page->lru, &l_active);
1106                                 continue;
1107                         }
1108                 }
1109                 list_add(&page->lru, &l_inactive);
1110         }
1111 
1112         pagevec_init(&pvec, 1);
1113         pgmoved = 0;
1114         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1115         while (!list_empty(&l_inactive)) {
1116                 page = lru_to_page(&l_inactive);
1117                 prefetchw_prev_lru_page(page, &l_inactive, flags);
1118                 VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
1119                 SetPageLRU(page);
1120                 VM_BUG_ON(!PageActive(page));
1121                 ClearPageActive(page);
1122 
1123                 list_move(&page->lru, &zone->inactive_list);
1124                 mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, false);
1125                 pgmoved++;
1126                 if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
1127                         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE, pgmoved);
1128                         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1129                         pgdeactivate += pgmoved;
1130                         pgmoved = 0;
1131                         if (buffer_heads_over_limit)
1132                                 pagevec_strip(&pvec);
1133                         __pagevec_release(&pvec);
1134                         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1135                 }
1136         }
1137         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE, pgmoved);
1138         pgdeactivate += pgmoved;
1139         if (buffer_heads_over_limit) {
1140                 spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1141                 pagevec_strip(&pvec);
1142                 spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1143         }
1144 
1145         pgmoved = 0;
1146         while (!list_empty(&l_active)) {
1147                 page = lru_to_page(&l_active);
1148                 prefetchw_prev_lru_page(page, &l_active, flags);
1149                 VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page));
1150                 SetPageLRU(page);
1151                 VM_BUG_ON(!PageActive(page));
1152 
1153                 list_move(&page->lru, &zone->active_list);
1154                 mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, true);
1155                 pgmoved++;
1156                 if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
1157                         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE, pgmoved);
1158                         pgmoved = 0;
1159                         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1160                         __pagevec_release(&pvec);
1161                         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1162                 }
1163         }
1164         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE, pgmoved);
1165 
1166         __count_zone_vm_events(PGREFILL, zone, pgscanned);
1167         __count_vm_events(PGDEACTIVATE, pgdeactivate);
1168         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
1169 
1170         pagevec_release(&pvec);
1171 }
1172 
1173 /*
1174  * This is a basic per-zone page freer.  Used by both kswapd and direct reclaim.
1175  */
1176 static unsigned long shrink_zone(int priority, struct zone *zone,
1177                                 struct scan_control *sc)
1178 {
1179         unsigned long nr_active;
1180         unsigned long nr_inactive;
1181         unsigned long nr_to_scan;
1182         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
1183 
1184         if (scan_global_lru(sc)) {
1185                 /*
1186                  * Add one to nr_to_scan just to make sure that the kernel
1187                  * will slowly sift through the active list.
1188                  */
1189                 zone->nr_scan_active +=
1190                         (zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE) >> priority) + 1;
1191                 nr_active = zone->nr_scan_active;
1192                 zone->nr_scan_inactive +=
1193                         (zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE) >> priority) + 1;
1194                 nr_inactive = zone->nr_scan_inactive;
1195                 if (nr_inactive >= sc->swap_cluster_max)
1196                         zone->nr_scan_inactive = 0;
1197                 else
1198                         nr_inactive = 0;
1199 
1200                 if (nr_active >= sc->swap_cluster_max)
1201                         zone->nr_scan_active = 0;
1202                 else
1203                         nr_active = 0;
1204         } else {
1205                 /*
1206                  * This reclaim occurs not because zone memory shortage but
1207                  * because memory controller hits its limit.
1208                  * Then, don't modify zone reclaim related data.
1209                  */
1210                 nr_active = mem_cgroup_calc_reclaim_active(sc->mem_cgroup,
1211                                         zone, priority);
1212 
1213                 nr_inactive = mem_cgroup_calc_reclaim_inactive(sc->mem_cgroup,
1214                                         zone, priority);
1215         }
1216 
1217 
1218         while (nr_active || nr_inactive) {
1219                 if (nr_active) {
1220                         nr_to_scan = min(nr_active,
1221                                         (unsigned long)sc->swap_cluster_max);
1222                         nr_active -= nr_to_scan;
1223                         shrink_active_list(nr_to_scan, zone, sc, priority);
1224                 }
1225 
1226                 if (nr_inactive) {
1227                         nr_to_scan = min(nr_inactive,
1228                                         (unsigned long)sc->swap_cluster_max);
1229                         nr_inactive -= nr_to_scan;
1230                         nr_reclaimed += shrink_inactive_list(nr_to_scan, zone,
1231                                                                 sc);
1232                 }
1233         }
1234 
1235         throttle_vm_writeout(sc->gfp_mask);
1236         return nr_reclaimed;
1237 }
1238 
1239 /*
1240  * This is the direct reclaim path, for page-allocating processes.  We only
1241  * try to reclaim pages from zones which will satisfy the caller's allocation
1242  * request.
1243  *
1244  * We reclaim from a zone even if that zone is over pages_high.  Because:
1245  * a) The caller may be trying to free *extra* pages to satisfy a higher-order
1246  *    allocation or
1247  * b) The zones may be over pages_high but they must go *over* pages_high to
1248  *    satisfy the `incremental min' zone defense algorithm.
1249  *
1250  * Returns the number of reclaimed pages.
1251  *
1252  * If a zone is deemed to be full of pinned pages then just give it a light
1253  * scan then give up on it.
1254  */
1255 static unsigned long shrink_zones(int priority, struct zone **zones,
1256                                         struct scan_control *sc)
1257 {
1258         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
1259         int i;
1260 
1261 
1262         sc->all_unreclaimable = 1;
1263         for (i = 0; zones[i] != NULL; i++) {
1264                 struct zone *zone = zones[i];
1265 
1266                 if (!populated_zone(zone))
1267                         continue;
1268                 /*
1269                  * Take care memory controller reclaiming has small influence
1270                  * to global LRU.
1271                  */
1272                 if (scan_global_lru(sc)) {
1273                         if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
1274                                 continue;
1275                         note_zone_scanning_priority(zone, priority);
1276 
1277                         if (zone_is_all_unreclaimable(zone) &&
1278                                                 priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
1279                                 continue;       /* Let kswapd poll it */
1280                         sc->all_unreclaimable = 0;
1281                 } else {
1282                         /*
1283                          * Ignore cpuset limitation here. We just want to reduce
1284                          * # of used pages by us regardless of memory shortage.
1285                          */
1286                         sc->all_unreclaimable = 0;
1287                         mem_cgroup_note_reclaim_priority(sc->mem_cgroup,
1288                                                         priority);
1289                 }
1290 
1291                 nr_reclaimed += shrink_zone(priority, zone, sc);
1292         }
1293 
1294         return nr_reclaimed;
1295 }
1296  
1297 /*
1298  * This is the main entry point to direct page reclaim.
1299  *
1300  * If a full scan of the inactive list fails to free enough memory then we
1301  * are "out of memory" and something needs to be killed.
1302  *
1303  * If the caller is !__GFP_FS then the probability of a failure is reasonably
1304  * high - the zone may be full of dirty or under-writeback pages, which this
1305  * caller can't do much about.  We kick pdflush and take explicit naps in the
1306  * hope that some of these pages can be written.  But if the allocating task
1307  * holds filesystem locks which prevent writeout this might not work, and the
1308  * allocation attempt will fail.
1309  */
1310 static unsigned long do_try_to_free_pages(struct zone **zones, gfp_t gfp_mask,
1311                                           struct scan_control *sc)
1312 {
1313         int priority;
1314         int ret = 0;
1315         unsigned long total_scanned = 0;
1316         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
1317         struct reclaim_state *reclaim_state = current->reclaim_state;
1318         unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
1319         int i;
1320 
1321         if (scan_global_lru(sc))
1322                 count_vm_event(ALLOCSTALL);
1323         /*
1324          * mem_cgroup will not do shrink_slab.
1325          */
1326         if (scan_global_lru(sc)) {
1327                 for (i = 0; zones[i] != NULL; i++) {
1328                         struct zone *zone = zones[i];
1329 
1330                         if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
1331                                 continue;
1332 
1333                         lru_pages += zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE)
1334                                         + zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE);
1335                 }
1336         }
1337 
1338         for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
1339                 sc->nr_scanned = 0;
1340                 if (!priority)
1341                         disable_swap_token();
1342                 nr_reclaimed += shrink_zones(priority, zones, sc);
1343                 /*
1344                  * Don't shrink slabs when reclaiming memory from
1345                  * over limit cgroups
1346                  */
1347                 if (scan_global_lru(sc)) {
1348                         shrink_slab(sc->nr_scanned, gfp_mask, lru_pages);
1349                         if (reclaim_state) {
1350                                 nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
1351                                 reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
1352                         }
1353                 }
1354                 total_scanned += sc->nr_scanned;
1355                 if (nr_reclaimed >= sc->swap_cluster_max) {
1356                         ret = 1;
1357                         goto out;
1358                 }
1359 
1360                 /*
1361                  * Try to write back as many pages as we just scanned.  This
1362                  * tends to cause slow streaming writers to write data to the
1363                  * disk smoothly, at the dirtying rate, which is nice.   But
1364                  * that's undesirable in laptop mode, where we *want* lumpy
1365                  * writeout.  So in laptop mode, write out the whole world.
1366                  */
1367                 if (total_scanned > sc->swap_cluster_max +
1368                                         sc->swap_cluster_max / 2) {
1369                         wakeup_pdflush(laptop_mode ? 0 : total_scanned);
1370                         sc->may_writepage = 1;
1371                 }
1372 
1373                 /* Take a nap, wait for some writeback to complete */
1374                 if (sc->nr_scanned && priority < DEF_PRIORITY - 2)
1375                         congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/10);
1376         }
1377         /* top priority shrink_caches still had more to do? don't OOM, then */
1378         if (!sc->all_unreclaimable && scan_global_lru(sc))
1379                 ret = 1;
1380 out:
1381         /*
1382          * Now that we've scanned all the zones at this priority level, note
1383          * that level within the zone so that the next thread which performs
1384          * scanning of this zone will immediately start out at this priority
1385          * level.  This affects only the decision whether or not to bring
1386          * mapped pages onto the inactive list.
1387          */
1388         if (priority < 0)
1389                 priority = 0;
1390 
1391         if (scan_global_lru(sc)) {
1392                 for (i = 0; zones[i] != NULL; i++) {
1393                         struct zone *zone = zones[i];
1394 
1395                         if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
1396                                 continue;
1397 
1398                         zone->prev_priority = priority;
1399                 }
1400         } else
1401                 mem_cgroup_record_reclaim_priority(sc->mem_cgroup, priority);
1402 
1403         return ret;
1404 }
1405 
1406 unsigned long try_to_free_pages(struct zone **zones, int order, gfp_t gfp_mask)
1407 {
1408         struct scan_control sc = {
1409                 .gfp_mask = gfp_mask,
1410                 .may_writepage = !laptop_mode,
1411                 .swap_cluster_max = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
1412                 .may_swap = 1,
1413                 .swappiness = vm_swappiness,
1414                 .order = order,
1415                 .mem_cgroup = NULL,
1416                 .isolate_pages = isolate_pages_global,
1417         };
1418 
1419         return do_try_to_free_pages(zones, gfp_mask, &sc);
1420 }
1421 
1422 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
1423 
1424 unsigned long try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages(struct mem_cgroup *mem_cont,
1425                                                 gfp_t gfp_mask)
1426 {
1427         struct scan_control sc = {
1428                 .gfp_mask = gfp_mask,
1429                 .may_writepage = !laptop_mode,
1430                 .may_swap = 1,
1431                 .swap_cluster_max = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
1432                 .swappiness = vm_swappiness,
1433                 .order = 0,
1434                 .mem_cgroup = mem_cont,
1435                 .isolate_pages = mem_cgroup_isolate_pages,
1436         };
1437         struct zone **zones;
1438         int target_zone = gfp_zone(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE);
1439 
1440         zones = NODE_DATA(numa_node_id())->node_zonelists[target_zone].zones;
1441         if (do_try_to_free_pages(zones, sc.gfp_mask, &sc))
1442                 return 1;
1443         return 0;
1444 }
1445 #endif
1446 
1447 /*
1448  * For kswapd, balance_pgdat() will work across all this node's zones until
1449  * they are all at pages_high.
1450  *
1451  * Returns the number of pages which were actually freed.
1452  *
1453  * There is special handling here for zones which are full of pinned pages.
1454  * This can happen if the pages are all mlocked, or if they are all used by
1455  * device drivers (say, ZONE_DMA).  Or if they are all in use by hugetlb.
1456  * What we do is to detect the case where all pages in the zone have been
1457  * scanned twice and there has been zero successful reclaim.  Mark the zone as
1458  * dead and from now on, only perform a short scan.  Basically we're polling
1459  * the zone for when the problem goes away.
1460  *
1461  * kswapd scans the zones in the highmem->normal->dma direction.  It skips
1462  * zones which have free_pages > pages_high, but once a zone is found to have
1463  * free_pages <= pages_high, we scan that zone and the lower zones regardless
1464  * of the number of free pages in the lower zones.  This interoperates with
1465  * the page allocator fallback scheme to ensure that aging of pages is balanced
1466  * across the zones.
1467  */
1468 static unsigned long balance_pgdat(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order)
1469 {
1470         int all_zones_ok;
1471         int priority;
1472         int i;
1473         unsigned long total_scanned;
1474         unsigned long nr_reclaimed;
1475         struct reclaim_state *reclaim_state = current->reclaim_state;
1476         struct scan_control sc = {
1477                 .gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL,
1478                 .may_swap = 1,
1479                 .swap_cluster_max = SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX,
1480                 .swappiness = vm_swappiness,
1481                 .order = order,
1482                 .mem_cgroup = NULL,
1483                 .isolate_pages = isolate_pages_global,
1484         };
1485         /*
1486          * temp_priority is used to remember the scanning priority at which
1487          * this zone was successfully refilled to free_pages == pages_high.
1488          */
1489         int temp_priority[MAX_NR_ZONES];
1490 
1491 loop_again:
1492         total_scanned = 0;
1493         nr_reclaimed = 0;
1494         sc.may_writepage = !laptop_mode;
1495         count_vm_event(PAGEOUTRUN);
1496 
1497         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++)
1498                 temp_priority[i] = DEF_PRIORITY;
1499 
1500         for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
1501                 int end_zone = 0;       /* Inclusive.  0 = ZONE_DMA */
1502                 unsigned long lru_pages = 0;
1503 
1504                 /* The swap token gets in the way of swapout... */
1505                 if (!priority)
1506                         disable_swap_token();
1507 
1508                 all_zones_ok = 1;
1509 
1510                 /*
1511                  * Scan in the highmem->dma direction for the highest
1512                  * zone which needs scanning
1513                  */
1514                 for (i = pgdat->nr_zones - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1515                         struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1516 
1517                         if (!populated_zone(zone))
1518                                 continue;
1519 
1520                         if (zone_is_all_unreclaimable(zone) &&
1521                             priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
1522                                 continue;
1523 
1524                         if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, zone->pages_high,
1525                                                0, 0)) {
1526                                 end_zone = i;
1527                                 break;
1528                         }
1529                 }
1530                 if (i < 0)
1531                         goto out;
1532 
1533                 for (i = 0; i <= end_zone; i++) {
1534                         struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1535 
1536                         lru_pages += zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE)
1537                                         + zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE);
1538                 }
1539 
1540                 /*
1541                  * Now scan the zone in the dma->highmem direction, stopping
1542                  * at the last zone which needs scanning.
1543                  *
1544                  * We do this because the page allocator works in the opposite
1545                  * direction.  This prevents the page allocator from allocating
1546                  * pages behind kswapd's direction of progress, which would
1547                  * cause too much scanning of the lower zones.
1548                  */
1549                 for (i = 0; i <= end_zone; i++) {
1550                         struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1551                         int nr_slab;
1552 
1553                         if (!populated_zone(zone))
1554                                 continue;
1555 
1556                         if (zone_is_all_unreclaimable(zone) &&
1557                                         priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
1558                                 continue;
1559 
1560                         if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, zone->pages_high,
1561                                                end_zone, 0))
1562                                 all_zones_ok = 0;
1563                         temp_priority[i] = priority;
1564                         sc.nr_scanned = 0;
1565                         note_zone_scanning_priority(zone, priority);
1566                         /*
1567                          * We put equal pressure on every zone, unless one
1568                          * zone has way too many pages free already.
1569                          */
1570                         if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, 8*zone->pages_high,
1571                                                 end_zone, 0))
1572                                 nr_reclaimed += shrink_zone(priority, zone, &sc);
1573                         reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
1574                         nr_slab = shrink_slab(sc.nr_scanned, GFP_KERNEL,
1575                                                 lru_pages);
1576                         nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
1577                         total_scanned += sc.nr_scanned;
1578                         if (zone_is_all_unreclaimable(zone))
1579                                 continue;
1580                         if (nr_slab == 0 && zone->pages_scanned >=
1581                                 (zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE)
1582                                 + zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE)) * 6)
1583                                         zone_set_flag(zone,
1584                                                       ZONE_ALL_UNRECLAIMABLE);
1585                         /*
1586                          * If we've done a decent amount of scanning and
1587                          * the reclaim ratio is low, start doing writepage
1588                          * even in laptop mode
1589                          */
1590                         if (total_scanned > SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX * 2 &&
1591                             total_scanned > nr_reclaimed + nr_reclaimed / 2)
1592                                 sc.may_writepage = 1;
1593                 }
1594                 if (all_zones_ok)
1595                         break;          /* kswapd: all done */
1596                 /*
1597                  * OK, kswapd is getting into trouble.  Take a nap, then take
1598                  * another pass across the zones.
1599                  */
1600                 if (total_scanned && priority < DEF_PRIORITY - 2)
1601                         congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/10);
1602 
1603                 /*
1604                  * We do this so kswapd doesn't build up large priorities for
1605                  * example when it is freeing in parallel with allocators. It
1606                  * matches the direct reclaim path behaviour in terms of impact
1607                  * on zone->*_priority.
1608                  */
1609                 if (nr_reclaimed >= SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX)
1610                         break;
1611         }
1612 out:
1613         /*
1614          * Note within each zone the priority level at which this zone was
1615          * brought into a happy state.  So that the next thread which scans this
1616          * zone will start out at that priority level.
1617          */
1618         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
1619                 struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
1620 
1621                 zone->prev_priority = temp_priority[i];
1622         }
1623         if (!all_zones_ok) {
1624                 cond_resched();
1625 
1626                 try_to_freeze();
1627 
1628                 goto loop_again;
1629         }
1630 
1631         return nr_reclaimed;
1632 }
1633 
1634 /*
1635  * The background pageout daemon, started as a kernel thread
1636  * from the init process. 
1637  *
1638  * This basically trickles out pages so that we have _some_
1639  * free memory available even if there is no other activity
1640  * that frees anything up. This is needed for things like routing
1641  * etc, where we otherwise might have all activity going on in
1642  * asynchronous contexts that cannot page things out.
1643  *
1644  * If there are applications that are active memory-allocators
1645  * (most normal use), this basically shouldn't matter.
1646  */
1647 static int kswapd(void *p)
1648 {
1649         unsigned long order;
1650         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t*)p;
1651         struct task_struct *tsk = current;
1652         DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
1653         struct reclaim_state reclaim_state = {
1654                 .reclaimed_slab = 0,
1655         };
1656         cpumask_t cpumask;
1657 
1658         cpumask = node_to_cpumask(pgdat->node_id);
1659         if (!cpus_empty(cpumask))
1660                 set_cpus_allowed(tsk, cpumask);
1661         current->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state;
1662 
1663         /*
1664          * Tell the memory management that we're a "memory allocator",
1665          * and that if we need more memory we should get access to it
1666          * regardless (see "__alloc_pages()"). "kswapd" should
1667          * never get caught in the normal page freeing logic.
1668          *
1669          * (Kswapd normally doesn't need memory anyway, but sometimes
1670          * you need a small amount of memory in order to be able to
1671          * page out something else, and this flag essentially protects
1672          * us from recursively trying to free more memory as we're
1673          * trying to free the first piece of memory in the first place).
1674          */
1675         tsk->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE | PF_KSWAPD;
1676         set_freezable();
1677 
1678         order = 0;
1679         for ( ; ; ) {
1680                 unsigned long new_order;
1681 
1682                 prepare_to_wait(&pgdat->kswapd_wait, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
1683                 new_order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
1684                 pgdat->kswapd_max_order = 0;
1685                 if (order < new_order) {
1686                         /*
1687                          * Don't sleep if someone wants a larger 'order'
1688                          * allocation
1689                          */
1690                         order = new_order;
1691                 } else {
1692                         if (!freezing(current))
1693                                 schedule();
1694 
1695                         order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
1696                 }
1697                 finish_wait(&pgdat->kswapd_wait, &wait);
1698 
1699                 if (!try_to_freeze()) {
1700                         /* We can speed up thawing tasks if we don't call
1701                          * balance_pgdat after returning from the refrigerator
1702                          */
1703                         balance_pgdat(pgdat, order);
1704                 }
1705         }
1706         return 0;
1707 }
1708 
1709 /*
1710  * A zone is low on free memory, so wake its kswapd task to service it.
1711  */
1712 void wakeup_kswapd(struct zone *zone, int order)
1713 {
1714         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1715 
1716         if (!populated_zone(zone))
1717                 return;
1718 
1719         pgdat = zone->zone_pgdat;
1720         if (zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, zone->pages_low, 0, 0))
1721                 return;
1722         if (pgdat->kswapd_max_order < order)
1723                 pgdat->kswapd_max_order = order;
1724         if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, GFP_KERNEL))
1725                 return;
1726         if (!waitqueue_active(&pgdat->kswapd_wait))
1727                 return;
1728         wake_up_interruptible(&pgdat->kswapd_wait);
1729 }
1730 
1731 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
1732 /*
1733  * Helper function for shrink_all_memory().  Tries to reclaim 'nr_pages' pages
1734  * from LRU lists system-wide, for given pass and priority, and returns the
1735  * number of reclaimed pages
1736  *
1737  * For pass > 3 we also try to shrink the LRU lists that contain a few pages
1738  */
1739 static unsigned long shrink_all_zones(unsigned long nr_pages, int prio,
1740                                       int pass, struct scan_control *sc)
1741 {
1742         struct zone *zone;
1743         unsigned long nr_to_scan, ret = 0;
1744 
1745         for_each_zone(zone) {
1746 
1747                 if (!populated_zone(zone))
1748                         continue;
1749 
1750                 if (zone_is_all_unreclaimable(zone) && prio != DEF_PRIORITY)
1751                         continue;
1752 
1753                 /* For pass = 0 we don't shrink the active list */
1754                 if (pass > 0) {
1755                         zone->nr_scan_active +=
1756                                 (zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE) >> prio) + 1;
1757                         if (zone->nr_scan_active >= nr_pages || pass > 3) {
1758                                 zone->nr_scan_active = 0;
1759                                 nr_to_scan = min(nr_pages,
1760                                         zone_page_state(zone, NR_ACTIVE));
1761                                 shrink_active_list(nr_to_scan, zone, sc, prio);
1762                         }
1763                 }
1764 
1765                 zone->nr_scan_inactive +=
1766                         (zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE) >> prio) + 1;
1767                 if (zone->nr_scan_inactive >= nr_pages || pass > 3) {
1768                         zone->nr_scan_inactive = 0;
1769                         nr_to_scan = min(nr_pages,
1770                                 zone_page_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE));
1771                         ret += shrink_inactive_list(nr_to_scan, zone, sc);
1772                         if (ret >= nr_pages)
1773                                 return ret;
1774                 }
1775         }
1776 
1777         return ret;
1778 }
1779 
1780 static unsigned long count_lru_pages(void)
1781 {
1782         return global_page_state(NR_ACTIVE) + global_page_state(NR_INACTIVE);
1783 }
1784 
1785 /*
1786  * Try to free `nr_pages' of memory, system-wide, and return the number of
1787  * freed pages.
1788  *
1789  * Rather than trying to age LRUs the aim is to preserve the overall
1790  * LRU order by reclaiming preferentially
1791  * inactive > active > active referenced > active mapped
1792  */
1793 unsigned long shrink_all_memory(unsigned long nr_pages)
1794 {
1795         unsigned long lru_pages, nr_slab;
1796         unsigned long ret = 0;
1797         int pass;
1798         struct reclaim_state reclaim_state;
1799         struct scan_control sc = {
1800                 .gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL,
1801                 .may_swap = 0,
1802                 .swap_cluster_max = nr_pages,
1803                 .may_writepage = 1,
1804                 .swappiness = vm_swappiness,
1805                 .isolate_pages = isolate_pages_global,
1806         };
1807 
1808         current->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state;
1809 
1810         lru_pages = count_lru_pages();
1811         nr_slab = global_page_state(NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE);
1812         /* If slab caches are huge, it's better to hit them first */
1813         while (nr_slab >= lru_pages) {
1814                 reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab = 0;
1815                 shrink_slab(nr_pages, sc.gfp_mask, lru_pages);
1816                 if (!reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab)
1817                         break;
1818 
1819                 ret += reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab;
1820                 if (ret >= nr_pages)
1821                         goto out;
1822 
1823                 nr_slab -= reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab;
1824         }
1825 
1826         /*
1827          * We try to shrink LRUs in 5 passes:
1828          * 0 = Reclaim from inactive_list only
1829          * 1 = Reclaim from active list but don't reclaim mapped
1830          * 2 = 2nd pass of type 1
1831          * 3 = Reclaim mapped (normal reclaim)
1832          * 4 = 2nd pass of type 3
1833          */
1834         for (pass = 0; pass < 5; pass++) {
1835                 int prio;
1836 
1837                 /* Force reclaiming mapped pages in the passes #3 and #4 */
1838                 if (pass > 2) {
1839                         sc.may_swap = 1;
1840                         sc.swappiness = 100;
1841                 }
1842 
1843                 for (prio = DEF_PRIORITY; prio >= 0; prio--) {
1844                         unsigned long nr_to_scan = nr_pages - ret;
1845 
1846                         sc.nr_scanned = 0;
1847                         ret += shrink_all_zones(nr_to_scan, prio, pass, &sc);
1848                         if (ret >= nr_pages)
1849                                 goto out;
1850 
1851                         reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab = 0;
1852                         shrink_slab(sc.nr_scanned, sc.gfp_mask,
1853                                         count_lru_pages());
1854                         ret += reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab;
1855                         if (ret >= nr_pages)
1856                                 goto out;
1857 
1858                         if (sc.nr_scanned && prio < DEF_PRIORITY - 2)
1859                                 congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ / 10);
1860                 }
1861         }
1862 
1863         /*
1864          * If ret = 0, we could not shrink LRUs, but there may be something
1865          * in slab caches
1866          */
1867         if (!ret) {
1868                 do {
1869                         reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab = 0;
1870                         shrink_slab(nr_pages, sc.gfp_mask, count_lru_pages());
1871                         ret += reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab;
1872                 } while (ret < nr_pages && reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab > 0);
1873         }
1874 
1875 out:
1876         current->reclaim_state = NULL;
1877 
1878         return ret;
1879 }
1880 #endif
1881 
1882 /* It's optimal to keep kswapds on the same CPUs as their memory, but
1883    not required for correctness.  So if the last cpu in a node goes
1884    away, we get changed to run anywhere: as the first one comes back,
1885    restore their cpu bindings. */
1886 static int __devinit cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1887                                   unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1888 {
1889         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1890         cpumask_t mask;
1891         int nid;
1892 
1893         if (action == CPU_ONLINE || action == CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN) {
1894                 for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY) {
1895                         pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
1896                         mask = node_to_cpumask(pgdat->node_id);
1897                         if (any_online_cpu(mask) != NR_CPUS)
1898                                 /* One of our CPUs online: restore mask */
1899                                 set_cpus_allowed(pgdat->kswapd, mask);
1900                 }
1901         }
1902         return NOTIFY_OK;
1903 }
1904 
1905 /*
1906  * This kswapd start function will be called by init and node-hot-add.
1907  * On node-hot-add, kswapd will moved to proper cpus if cpus are hot-added.
1908  */
1909 int kswapd_run(int nid)
1910 {
1911         pg_data_t *pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
1912         int ret = 0;
1913 
1914         if (pgdat->kswapd)
1915                 return 0;
1916 
1917         pgdat->kswapd = kthread_run(kswapd, pgdat, "kswapd%d", nid);
1918         if (IS_ERR(pgdat->kswapd)) {
1919                 /* failure at boot is fatal */
1920                 BUG_ON(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING);
1921                 printk("Failed to start kswapd on node %d\n",nid);
1922                 ret = -1;
1923         }
1924         return ret;
1925 }
1926 
1927 static int __init kswapd_init(void)
1928 {
1929         int nid;
1930 
1931         swap_setup();
1932         for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY)
1933                 kswapd_run(nid);
1934         hotcpu_notifier(cpu_callback, 0);
1935         return 0;
1936 }
1937 
1938 module_init(kswapd_init)
1939 
1940 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1941 /*
1942  * Zone reclaim mode
1943  *
1944  * If non-zero call zone_reclaim when the number of free pages falls below
1945  * the watermarks.
1946  */
1947 int zone_reclaim_mode __read_mostly;
1948 
1949 #define RECLAIM_OFF 0
1950 #define RECLAIM_ZONE (1<<0)     /* Run shrink_cache on the zone */
1951 #define RECLAIM_WRITE (1<<1)    /* Writeout pages during reclaim */
1952 #define RECLAIM_SWAP (1<<2)     /* Swap pages out during reclaim */
1953 
1954 /*
1955  * Priority for ZONE_RECLAIM. This determines the fraction of pages
1956  * of a node considered for each zone_reclaim. 4 scans 1/16th of
1957  * a zone.
1958  */
1959 #define ZONE_RECLAIM_PRIORITY 4
1960 
1961 /*
1962  * Percentage of pages in a zone that must be unmapped for zone_reclaim to
1963  * occur.
1964  */
1965 int sysctl_min_unmapped_ratio = 1;
1966 
1967 /*
1968  * If the number of slab pages in a zone grows beyond this percentage then
1969  * slab reclaim needs to occur.
1970  */
1971 int sysctl_min_slab_ratio = 5;
1972 
1973 /*
1974  * Try to free up some pages from this zone through reclaim.
1975  */
1976 static int __zone_reclaim(struct zone *zone, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order)
1977 {
1978         /* Minimum pages needed in order to stay on node */
1979         const unsigned long nr_pages = 1 << order;
1980         struct task_struct *p = current;
1981         struct reclaim_state reclaim_state;
1982         int priority;
1983         unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
1984         struct scan_control sc = {
1985                 .may_writepage = !!(zone_reclaim_mode & RECLAIM_WRITE),
1986                 .may_swap = !!(zone_reclaim_mode & RECLAIM_SWAP),
1987                 .swap_cluster_max = max_t(unsigned long, nr_pages,
1988                                         SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX),
1989                 .gfp_mask = gfp_mask,
1990                 .swappiness = vm_swappiness,
1991                 .isolate_pages = isolate_pages_global,
1992         };
1993         unsigned long slab_reclaimable;
1994 
1995         disable_swap_token();
1996         cond_resched();
1997         /*
1998          * We need to be able to allocate from the reserves for RECLAIM_SWAP
1999          * and we also need to be able to write out pages for RECLAIM_WRITE
2000          * and RECLAIM_SWAP.
2001          */
2002         p->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE;
2003         reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab = 0;
2004         p->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state;
2005 
2006         if (zone_page_state(zone, NR_FILE_PAGES) -
2007                 zone_page_state(zone, NR_FILE_MAPPED) >
2008                 zone->min_unmapped_pages) {
2009                 /*
2010                  * Free memory by calling shrink zone with increasing
2011                  * priorities until we have enough memory freed.
2012                  */
2013                 priority = ZONE_RECLAIM_PRIORITY;
2014                 do {
2015                         note_zone_scanning_priority(zone, priority);
2016                         nr_reclaimed += shrink_zone(priority, zone, &sc);
2017                         priority--;
2018                 } while (priority >= 0 && nr_reclaimed < nr_pages);
2019         }
2020 
2021         slab_reclaimable = zone_page_state(zone, NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE);
2022         if (slab_reclaimable > zone->min_slab_pages) {
2023                 /*
2024                  * shrink_slab() does not currently allow us to determine how
2025                  * many pages were freed in this zone. So we take the current
2026                  * number of slab pages and shake the slab until it is reduced
2027                  * by the same nr_pages that we used for reclaiming unmapped
2028                  * pages.
2029                  *
2030                  * Note that shrink_slab will free memory on all zones and may
2031                  * take a long time.
2032                  */
2033                 while (shrink_slab(sc.nr_scanned, gfp_mask, order) &&
2034                         zone_page_state(zone, NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE) >
2035                                 slab_reclaimable - nr_pages)
2036                         ;
2037 
2038                 /*
2039                  * Update nr_reclaimed by the number of slab pages we
2040                  * reclaimed from this zone.
2041                  */
2042                 nr_reclaimed += slab_reclaimable -
2043                         zone_page_state(zone, NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE);
2044         }
2045 
2046         p->reclaim_state = NULL;
2047         current->flags &= ~(PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE);
2048         return nr_reclaimed >= nr_pages;
2049 }
2050 
2051 int zone_reclaim(struct zone *zone, gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order)
2052 {
2053         int node_id;
2054         int ret;
2055 
2056         /*
2057          * Zone reclaim reclaims unmapped file backed pages and
2058          * slab pages if we are over the defined limits.
2059          *
2060          * A small portion of unmapped file backed pages is needed for
2061          * file I/O otherwise pages read by file I/O will be immediately
2062          * thrown out if the zone is overallocated. So we do not reclaim
2063          * if less than a specified percentage of the zone is used by
2064          * unmapped file backed pages.
2065          */
2066         if (zone_page_state(zone, NR_FILE_PAGES) -
2067             zone_page_state(zone, NR_FILE_MAPPED) <= zone->min_unmapped_pages
2068             && zone_page_state(zone, NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE)
2069                         <= zone->min_slab_pages)
2070                 return 0;
2071 
2072         if (zone_is_all_unreclaimable(zone))
2073                 return 0;
2074 
2075         /*
2076          * Do not scan if the allocation should not be delayed.
2077          */
2078         if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT) || (current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC))
2079                         return 0;
2080 
2081         /*
2082          * Only run zone reclaim on the local zone or on zones that do not
2083          * have associated processors. This will favor the local processor
2084          * over remote processors and spread off node memory allocations
2085          * as wide as possible.
2086          */
2087         node_id = zone_to_nid(zone);
2088         if (node_state(node_id, N_CPU) && node_id != numa_node_id())
2089                 return 0;
2090 
2091         if (zone_test_and_set_flag(zone, ZONE_RECLAIM_LOCKED))
2092                 return 0;
2093         ret = __zone_reclaim(zone, gfp_mask, order);
2094         zone_clear_flag(zone, ZONE_RECLAIM_LOCKED);
2095 
2096         return ret;
2097 }
2098 #endif
2099 
  This page was automatically generated by the LXR engine.