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Version: [ 2.6.11.8 ] [ 2.6.25 ] [ 2.6.25.8 ] [ 2.6.31.13 ] Architecture: [ i386 ]
  1 /*
  2  *  linux/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
  3  *
  4  *  Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
  5  *  Copyright(C) 2005-2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
  6  *  Copyright(C) 2006-2007  Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner
  7  *
  8  *  No idle tick implementation for low and high resolution timers
  9  *
 10  *  Started by: Thomas Gleixner and Ingo Molnar
 11  *
 12  *  Distribute under GPLv2.
 13  */
 14 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 15 #include <linux/err.h>
 16 #include <linux/hrtimer.h>
 17 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 18 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
 19 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 20 #include <linux/profile.h>
 21 #include <linux/sched.h>
 22 #include <linux/tick.h>
 23 
 24 #include <asm/irq_regs.h>
 25 
 26 #include "tick-internal.h"
 27 
 28 /*
 29  * Per cpu nohz control structure
 30  */
 31 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tick_sched, tick_cpu_sched);
 32 
 33 /*
 34  * The time, when the last jiffy update happened. Protected by xtime_lock.
 35  */
 36 static ktime_t last_jiffies_update;
 37 
 38 struct tick_sched *tick_get_tick_sched(int cpu)
 39 {
 40         return &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
 41 }
 42 
 43 /*
 44  * Must be called with interrupts disabled !
 45  */
 46 static void tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_t now)
 47 {
 48         unsigned long ticks = 0;
 49         ktime_t delta;
 50 
 51         /* Reevalute with xtime_lock held */
 52         write_seqlock(&xtime_lock);
 53 
 54         delta = ktime_sub(now, last_jiffies_update);
 55         if (delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64) {
 56 
 57                 delta = ktime_sub(delta, tick_period);
 58                 last_jiffies_update = ktime_add(last_jiffies_update,
 59                                                 tick_period);
 60 
 61                 /* Slow path for long timeouts */
 62                 if (unlikely(delta.tv64 >= tick_period.tv64)) {
 63                         s64 incr = ktime_to_ns(tick_period);
 64 
 65                         ticks = ktime_divns(delta, incr);
 66 
 67                         last_jiffies_update = ktime_add_ns(last_jiffies_update,
 68                                                            incr * ticks);
 69                 }
 70                 do_timer(++ticks);
 71         }
 72         write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock);
 73 }
 74 
 75 /*
 76  * Initialize and return retrieve the jiffies update.
 77  */
 78 static ktime_t tick_init_jiffy_update(void)
 79 {
 80         ktime_t period;
 81 
 82         write_seqlock(&xtime_lock);
 83         /* Did we start the jiffies update yet ? */
 84         if (last_jiffies_update.tv64 == 0)
 85                 last_jiffies_update = tick_next_period;
 86         period = last_jiffies_update;
 87         write_sequnlock(&xtime_lock);
 88         return period;
 89 }
 90 
 91 /*
 92  * NOHZ - aka dynamic tick functionality
 93  */
 94 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
 95 /*
 96  * NO HZ enabled ?
 97  */
 98 static int tick_nohz_enabled __read_mostly  = 1;
 99 
100 /*
101  * Enable / Disable tickless mode
102  */
103 static int __init setup_tick_nohz(char *str)
104 {
105         if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
106                 tick_nohz_enabled = 0;
107         else if (!strcmp(str, "on"))
108                 tick_nohz_enabled = 1;
109         else
110                 return 0;
111         return 1;
112 }
113 
114 __setup("nohz=", setup_tick_nohz);
115 
116 /**
117  * tick_nohz_update_jiffies - update jiffies when idle was interrupted
118  *
119  * Called from interrupt entry when the CPU was idle
120  *
121  * In case the sched_tick was stopped on this CPU, we have to check if jiffies
122  * must be updated. Otherwise an interrupt handler could use a stale jiffy
123  * value. We do this unconditionally on any cpu, as we don't know whether the
124  * cpu, which has the update task assigned is in a long sleep.
125  */
126 void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(void)
127 {
128         int cpu = smp_processor_id();
129         struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
130         unsigned long flags;
131         ktime_t now;
132 
133         if (!ts->tick_stopped)
134                 return;
135 
136         touch_softlockup_watchdog();
137 
138         cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
139         now = ktime_get();
140         ts->idle_waketime = now;
141 
142         local_irq_save(flags);
143         tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
144         local_irq_restore(flags);
145 }
146 
147 void tick_nohz_stop_idle(int cpu)
148 {
149         struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
150 
151         if (ts->idle_active) {
152                 ktime_t now, delta;
153                 now = ktime_get();
154                 delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
155                 ts->idle_lastupdate = now;
156                 ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
157                 ts->idle_active = 0;
158         }
159 }
160 
161 static ktime_t tick_nohz_start_idle(int cpu)
162 {
163         struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
164         ktime_t now, delta;
165 
166         now = ktime_get();
167         if (ts->idle_active) {
168                 delta = ktime_sub(now, ts->idle_entrytime);
169                 ts->idle_lastupdate = now;
170                 ts->idle_sleeptime = ktime_add(ts->idle_sleeptime, delta);
171         }
172         ts->idle_entrytime = now;
173         ts->idle_active = 1;
174         return now;
175 }
176 
177 u64 get_cpu_idle_time_us(int cpu, u64 *last_update_time)
178 {
179         struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
180 
181         *last_update_time = ktime_to_us(ts->idle_lastupdate);
182         return ktime_to_us(ts->idle_sleeptime);
183 }
184 
185 /**
186  * tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick - stop the idle tick from the idle task
187  *
188  * When the next event is more than a tick into the future, stop the idle tick
189  * Called either from the idle loop or from irq_exit() when an idle period was
190  * just interrupted by an interrupt which did not cause a reschedule.
191  */
192 void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(void)
193 {
194         unsigned long seq, last_jiffies, next_jiffies, delta_jiffies, flags;
195         unsigned long rt_jiffies;
196         struct tick_sched *ts;
197         ktime_t last_update, expires, now;
198         struct clock_event_device *dev = __get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_device).evtdev;
199         int cpu;
200 
201         local_irq_save(flags);
202 
203         cpu = smp_processor_id();
204         now = tick_nohz_start_idle(cpu);
205         ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
206 
207         /*
208          * If this cpu is offline and it is the one which updates
209          * jiffies, then give up the assignment and let it be taken by
210          * the cpu which runs the tick timer next. If we don't drop
211          * this here the jiffies might be stale and do_timer() never
212          * invoked.
213          */
214         if (unlikely(!cpu_online(cpu))) {
215                 if (cpu == tick_do_timer_cpu)
216                         tick_do_timer_cpu = -1;
217         }
218 
219         if (unlikely(ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE))
220                 goto end;
221 
222         if (need_resched() || need_resched_delayed())
223                 goto end;
224 
225         cpu = smp_processor_id();
226 
227 #ifndef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
228         if (unlikely(local_softirq_pending())) {
229                 static int ratelimit;
230 
231                 if (ratelimit < 10) {
232                         printk(KERN_ERR "NOHZ: local_softirq_pending %02x\n",
233                                local_softirq_pending());
234                         ratelimit++;
235                 }
236         }
237 #endif
238 
239         ts->idle_calls++;
240         /* Read jiffies and the time when jiffies were updated last */
241         do {
242                 seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock);
243                 last_update = last_jiffies_update;
244                 last_jiffies = jiffies;
245         } while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));
246 
247         /* Get the next timer wheel timer */
248         next_jiffies = get_next_timer_interrupt(last_jiffies);
249         delta_jiffies = next_jiffies - last_jiffies;
250 
251         rt_jiffies = rt_needs_cpu(cpu);
252         if (rt_jiffies && rt_jiffies < delta_jiffies)
253                 delta_jiffies = rt_jiffies;
254 
255         if (rcu_needs_cpu(cpu))
256                 delta_jiffies = 1;
257         /*
258          * Do not stop the tick, if we are only one off
259          * or if the cpu is required for rcu
260          */
261         if (!ts->tick_stopped && delta_jiffies == 1)
262                 goto out;
263 
264         /* Schedule the tick, if we are at least one jiffie off */
265         if ((long)delta_jiffies >= 1) {
266 
267                 if (delta_jiffies > 1)
268                         cpu_set(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
269                 /*
270                  * nohz_stop_sched_tick can be called several times before
271                  * the nohz_restart_sched_tick is called. This happens when
272                  * interrupts arrive which do not cause a reschedule. In the
273                  * first call we save the current tick time, so we can restart
274                  * the scheduler tick in nohz_restart_sched_tick.
275                  */
276                 if (!ts->tick_stopped) {
277                         if (select_nohz_load_balancer(1)) {
278                                 /*
279                                  * sched tick not stopped!
280                                  */
281                                 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
282                                 goto out;
283                         }
284 
285                         ts->idle_tick = ts->sched_timer.expires;
286                         ts->tick_stopped = 1;
287                         ts->idle_jiffies = last_jiffies;
288                         rcu_enter_nohz();
289                 }
290 
291                 /*
292                  * If this cpu is the one which updates jiffies, then
293                  * give up the assignment and let it be taken by the
294                  * cpu which runs the tick timer next, which might be
295                  * this cpu as well. If we don't drop this here the
296                  * jiffies might be stale and do_timer() never
297                  * invoked.
298                  */
299                 if (cpu == tick_do_timer_cpu)
300                         tick_do_timer_cpu = -1;
301 
302                 ts->idle_sleeps++;
303 
304                 /*
305                  * delta_jiffies >= NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA signals that
306                  * there is no timer pending or at least extremly far
307                  * into the future (12 days for HZ=1000). In this case
308                  * we simply stop the tick timer:
309                  */
310                 if (unlikely(delta_jiffies >= NEXT_TIMER_MAX_DELTA)) {
311                         ts->idle_expires.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;
312                         if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES)
313                                 hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
314                         goto out;
315                 }
316 
317                 /*
318                  * calculate the expiry time for the next timer wheel
319                  * timer
320                  */
321                 expires = ktime_add_ns(last_update, tick_period.tv64 *
322                                        delta_jiffies);
323                 ts->idle_expires = expires;
324 
325                 if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) {
326                         hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, expires,
327                                       HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
328                         /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
329                         if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
330                                 goto out;
331                 } else if (!tick_program_event(expires, 0))
332                                 goto out;
333                 /*
334                  * We are past the event already. So we crossed a
335                  * jiffie boundary. Update jiffies and raise the
336                  * softirq.
337                  */
338                 tick_do_update_jiffies64(ktime_get());
339                 cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
340         }
341         raise_softirq_irqoff(TIMER_SOFTIRQ);
342 out:
343         ts->next_jiffies = next_jiffies;
344         ts->last_jiffies = last_jiffies;
345         ts->sleep_length = ktime_sub(dev->next_event, now);
346 end:
347         local_irq_restore(flags);
348 }
349 
350 /**
351  * tick_nohz_get_sleep_length - return the length of the current sleep
352  *
353  * Called from power state control code with interrupts disabled
354  */
355 ktime_t tick_nohz_get_sleep_length(void)
356 {
357         struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
358 
359         return ts->sleep_length;
360 }
361 
362 /**
363  * tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick - restart the idle tick from the idle task
364  *
365  * Restart the idle tick when the CPU is woken up from idle
366  */
367 void tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick(void)
368 {
369         int cpu = smp_processor_id();
370         struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
371         unsigned long ticks;
372         ktime_t now;
373 
374         local_irq_disable();
375         tick_nohz_stop_idle(cpu);
376 
377         if (!ts->tick_stopped) {
378                 local_irq_enable();
379                 return;
380         }
381 
382         rcu_exit_nohz();
383 
384         /* Update jiffies first */
385         select_nohz_load_balancer(0);
386         now = ktime_get();
387         tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
388         cpu_clear(cpu, nohz_cpu_mask);
389 
390         /*
391          * We stopped the tick in idle. Update process times would miss the
392          * time we slept as update_process_times does only a 1 tick
393          * accounting. Enforce that this is accounted to idle !
394          */
395         ticks = jiffies - ts->idle_jiffies;
396         /*
397          * We might be one off. Do not randomly account a huge number of ticks!
398          */
399         if (ticks && ticks < LONG_MAX) {
400                 add_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
401                 account_system_time(current, HARDIRQ_OFFSET,
402                                     jiffies_to_cputime(ticks));
403                 sub_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
404         }
405 
406         /*
407          * Cancel the scheduled timer and restore the tick
408          */
409         ts->tick_stopped  = 0;
410         ts->idle_exittime = now;
411         hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
412         ts->sched_timer.expires = ts->idle_tick;
413 
414         while (1) {
415                 /* Forward the time to expire in the future */
416                 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
417 
418                 if (ts->nohz_mode == NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES) {
419                         hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer,
420                                       ts->sched_timer.expires,
421                                       HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
422                         /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
423                         if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
424                                 break;
425                 } else {
426                         if (!tick_program_event(ts->sched_timer.expires, 0))
427                                 break;
428                 }
429                 /* Update jiffies and reread time */
430                 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
431                 now = ktime_get();
432         }
433         local_irq_enable();
434 }
435 
436 static int tick_nohz_reprogram(struct tick_sched *ts, ktime_t now)
437 {
438         hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
439         return tick_program_event(ts->sched_timer.expires, 0);
440 }
441 
442 /*
443  * The nohz low res interrupt handler
444  */
445 static void tick_nohz_handler(struct clock_event_device *dev)
446 {
447         struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
448         struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
449         int cpu = smp_processor_id();
450         ktime_t now = ktime_get();
451 
452         dev->next_event.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;
453 
454         /*
455          * Check if the do_timer duty was dropped. We don't care about
456          * concurrency: This happens only when the cpu in charge went
457          * into a long sleep. If two cpus happen to assign themself to
458          * this duty, then the jiffies update is still serialized by
459          * xtime_lock.
460          */
461         if (unlikely(tick_do_timer_cpu == -1))
462                 tick_do_timer_cpu = cpu;
463 
464         /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */
465         if (tick_do_timer_cpu == cpu)
466                 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
467 
468         /*
469          * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch
470          * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long
471          * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while
472          * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start
473          * of idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we
474          * do when we go busy again does not account too much ticks.
475          */
476         if (ts->tick_stopped) {
477                 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
478                 ts->idle_jiffies++;
479         }
480 
481         update_process_times(user_mode(regs));
482 
483         /* Do not restart, when we are in the idle loop */
484         if (ts->tick_stopped)
485                 return;
486 
487         while (tick_nohz_reprogram(ts, now)) {
488                 now = ktime_get();
489                 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
490         }
491 }
492 
493 /**
494  * tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz - switch to nohz mode
495  */
496 static void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void)
497 {
498         struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
499         ktime_t next;
500 
501         if (!tick_nohz_enabled)
502                 return;
503 
504         local_irq_disable();
505         if (tick_switch_to_oneshot(tick_nohz_handler)) {
506                 local_irq_enable();
507                 return;
508         }
509 
510         ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_LOWRES;
511 
512         /*
513          * Recycle the hrtimer in ts, so we can share the
514          * hrtimer_forward with the highres code.
515          */
516         hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
517         /* Get the next period */
518         next = tick_init_jiffy_update();
519 
520         for (;;) {
521                 ts->sched_timer.expires = next;
522                 if (!tick_program_event(next, 0))
523                         break;
524                 next = ktime_add(next, tick_period);
525         }
526         local_irq_enable();
527 
528         printk(KERN_INFO "Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #%d\n",
529                smp_processor_id());
530 }
531 
532 #else
533 
534 static inline void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void) { }
535 
536 #endif /* NO_HZ */
537 
538 /*
539  * High resolution timer specific code
540  */
541 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS
542 /*
543  * We rearm the timer until we get disabled by the idle code.
544  * Called with interrupts disabled and timer->base->cpu_base->lock held.
545  */
546 static enum hrtimer_restart tick_sched_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
547 {
548         struct tick_sched *ts =
549                 container_of(timer, struct tick_sched, sched_timer);
550         struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
551         ktime_t now = ktime_get();
552         int cpu = smp_processor_id();
553 
554 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
555         /*
556          * Check if the do_timer duty was dropped. We don't care about
557          * concurrency: This happens only when the cpu in charge went
558          * into a long sleep. If two cpus happen to assign themself to
559          * this duty, then the jiffies update is still serialized by
560          * xtime_lock.
561          */
562         if (unlikely(tick_do_timer_cpu == -1))
563                 tick_do_timer_cpu = cpu;
564 #endif
565 
566         /* Check, if the jiffies need an update */
567         if (tick_do_timer_cpu == cpu)
568                 tick_do_update_jiffies64(now);
569 
570         /*
571          * Do not call, when we are not in irq context and have
572          * no valid regs pointer
573          */
574         if (regs) {
575                 /*
576                  * When we are idle and the tick is stopped, we have to touch
577                  * the watchdog as we might not schedule for a really long
578                  * time. This happens on complete idle SMP systems while
579                  * waiting on the login prompt. We also increment the "start of
580                  * idle" jiffy stamp so the idle accounting adjustment we do
581                  * when we go busy again does not account too much ticks.
582                  */
583                 if (ts->tick_stopped) {
584                         touch_softlockup_watchdog();
585                         ts->idle_jiffies++;
586                 }
587                 update_process_times(user_mode(regs));
588         }
589 
590         /* Do not restart, when we are in the idle loop */
591         if (ts->tick_stopped)
592                 return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
593 
594         hrtimer_forward(timer, now, tick_period);
595 
596         return HRTIMER_RESTART;
597 }
598 
599 /**
600  * tick_setup_sched_timer - setup the tick emulation timer
601  */
602 void tick_setup_sched_timer(void)
603 {
604         struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
605         ktime_t now = ktime_get();
606         u64 offset;
607 
608         /*
609          * Emulate tick processing via per-CPU hrtimers:
610          */
611         hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
612         ts->sched_timer.function = tick_sched_timer;
613         ts->sched_timer.cb_mode = HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_SOFTIRQ;
614 
615         /* Get the next period (per cpu) */
616         ts->sched_timer.expires = tick_init_jiffy_update();
617         offset = ktime_to_ns(tick_period) >> 1;
618         do_div(offset, num_possible_cpus());
619         offset *= smp_processor_id();
620         ts->sched_timer.expires = ktime_add_ns(ts->sched_timer.expires, offset);
621 
622         for (;;) {
623                 hrtimer_forward(&ts->sched_timer, now, tick_period);
624                 hrtimer_start(&ts->sched_timer, ts->sched_timer.expires,
625                               HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
626                 /* Check, if the timer was already in the past */
627                 if (hrtimer_active(&ts->sched_timer))
628                         break;
629                 now = ktime_get();
630         }
631 
632 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
633         if (tick_nohz_enabled)
634                 ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES;
635 #endif
636 }
637 
638 void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu)
639 {
640         struct tick_sched *ts = &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu);
641 
642         if (ts->sched_timer.base)
643                 hrtimer_cancel(&ts->sched_timer);
644 
645         ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE;
646 }
647 #endif /* HIGH_RES_TIMERS */
648 
649 /**
650  * Async notification about clocksource changes
651  */
652 void tick_clock_notify(void)
653 {
654         int cpu;
655 
656         for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
657                 set_bit(0, &per_cpu(tick_cpu_sched, cpu).check_clocks);
658 }
659 
660 /*
661  * Async notification about clock event changes
662  */
663 void tick_oneshot_notify(void)
664 {
665         struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
666 
667         set_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks);
668 }
669 
670 /**
671  * Check, if a change happened, which makes oneshot possible.
672  *
673  * Called cyclic from the hrtimer softirq (driven by the timer
674  * softirq) allow_nohz signals, that we can switch into low-res nohz
675  * mode, because high resolution timers are disabled (either compile
676  * or runtime).
677  */
678 int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz)
679 {
680         struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
681 
682         if (!test_and_clear_bit(0, &ts->check_clocks))
683                 return 0;
684 
685         if (ts->nohz_mode != NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE)
686                 return 0;
687 
688         if (!timekeeping_valid_for_hres() || !tick_is_oneshot_available())
689                 return 0;
690 
691         if (!allow_nohz)
692                 return 1;
693 
694         tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz();
695         return 0;
696 }
697 
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