Linux kernel & device driver programming

Cross-Referenced Linux and Device Driver Code

[ source navigation ] [ diff markup ] [ identifier search ] [ freetext search ] [ file search ]
Version: [ 2.6.11.8 ] [ 2.6.25 ] [ 2.6.25.8 ] [ 2.6.31.13 ] Architecture: [ i386 ]
  1 February 2003             Kernel Parameters                     v2.5.59
  2                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  3 
  4 The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
  5 (mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
  6 (defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
  7 case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
  8 
  9 Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
 10 parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
 11 
 12         modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
 13 
 14 Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
 15 are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
 16 '.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
 17 
 18         usbcore.blinkenlights=1
 19 
 20 The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the
 21 restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
 22 restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
 23 
 24         ACPI    ACPI support is enabled.
 25         ALSA    ALSA sound support is enabled.
 26         APIC    APIC support is enabled.
 27         APM     Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
 28         AX25    Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
 29         CD      Appropriate CD support is enabled.
 30         DEVFS   devfs support is enabled. 
 31         DRM     Direct Rendering Management support is enabled. 
 32         EDD     BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
 33         EFI     EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
 34         EIDE    EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
 35         FB      The frame buffer device is enabled.
 36         HW      Appropriate hardware is enabled.
 37         IA-32   IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
 38         IA-64   IA-64 architecture is enabled.
 39         IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
 40         IP_PNP  IP DCHP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
 41         ISAPNP  ISA PnP code is enabled.
 42         ISDN    Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
 43         JOY     Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
 44         LP      Printer support is enabled.
 45         LOOP    Loopback device support is enabled.
 46         M68k    M68k architecture is enabled.
 47                         These options have more detailed description inside of
 48                         Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
 49         MCA     MCA bus support is enabled.
 50         MDA     MDA console support is enabled.
 51         MOUSE   Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
 52         MTD     MTD support is enabled.
 53         NET     Appropriate network support is enabled.
 54         NUMA    NUMA support is enabled.
 55         NFS     Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
 56         OSS     OSS sound support is enabled.
 57         PARIDE  The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
 58         PARISC  The PA-RISC architecture is enabled.
 59         PCI     PCI bus support is enabled.
 60         PCMCIA  The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
 61         PNP     Plug & Play support is enabled.
 62         PPC     PowerPC architecture is enabled.
 63         PPT     Parallel port support is enabled.
 64         PS2     Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
 65         RAM     RAM disk support is enabled.
 66         S390    S390 architecture is enabled.
 67         SCSI    Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
 68                         A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
 69                         Documentation/scsi/.
 70         SERIAL  Serial support is enabled.
 71         SMP     The kernel is an SMP kernel.
 72         SPARC   Sparc architecture is enabled.
 73         SWSUSP  Software suspension is enabled.
 74         TS      Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
 75         USB     USB support is enabled.
 76         V4L     Video For Linux support is enabled.
 77         VGA     The VGA console has been enabled.
 78         VT      Virtual terminal support is enabled.
 79         WDT     Watchdog support is enabled.
 80         XT      IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
 81 
 82 In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
 83 
 84         BUGS=   Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
 85         KNL     Is a kernel start-up parameter.
 86         BOOT    Is a boot loader parameter.
 87 
 88 Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
 89 loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
 90 Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
 91 need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
 92 
 93 Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
 94 a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
 95 be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
 96 it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
 97 running once the system is up.
 98 
 99         53c7xx=         [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
100                         See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
101                         See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
102 
103         acpi=           [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface 
104                         Format: { force | off | ht | strict }
105                         force -- enable ACPI if default was off
106                         off -- disable ACPI if default was on
107                         noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
108                         ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
109                         strict --  Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
110                                 strictly ACPI specification compliant.
111 
112                         See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
113 
114         acpi_sleep=     [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
115                         Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
116                         See Documentation/power/video.txt
117  
118         acpi_sci=       [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
119                         Format: { level | edge |  high | low }
120 
121         acpi_irq_balance        [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs
122                                 default in APIC mode
123 
124         acpi_irq_nobalance      [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
125                                 default in PIC mode
126 
127         acpi_irq_pci=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI
128                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
129 
130         acpi_irq_isa=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA
131                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
132 
133         acpi_osi=       [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
134 
135         acpi_serialize  [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
136 
137         acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
138                         Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
139                         For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
140 
141         acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI]
142                         Format: <int>
143                         Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug layer,
144                         1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
145                         debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
146                         via /proc/acpi/debug_layer.
147 
148         acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI]
149                         Format: <int>
150                         Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug level,
151                         1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
152                         debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
153                         via /proc/acpi/debug_level.
154 
155         acpi_fake_ecdt  [HW,ACPI] Workaround failure due to BIOS lacking ECDT
156 
157         ad1816=         [HW,OSS]
158                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
159                         See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
160 
161         ad1848=         [HW,OSS]
162                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
163 
164         adlib=          [HW,OSS]
165                         Format: <io>
166  
167         advansys=       [HW,SCSI]
168                         See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
169 
170         advwdt=         [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
171                         Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
172 
173         aedsp16=        [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
174                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
175                         See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
176  
177         aha152x=        [HW,SCSI]
178                         See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
179 
180         aha1542=        [HW,SCSI]
181                         Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
182 
183         aic7xxx=        [HW,SCSI]
184                         See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
185 
186         aic79xx=        [HW,SCSI]
187                         See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
188 
189         AM53C974=       [HW,SCSI]
190                         Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
191                         See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
192 
193         amijoy.map=     [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
194                         Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
195                         Format: <a>,<b>
196                         See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
197 
198         analog.map=     [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
199                         Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
200                         connected to one of 16 gameports
201                         Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
202 
203         apc=            [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
204                         Format: noidle
205                         Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
206                         not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
207                         APC and your system crashes randomly.
208 
209         apic=           [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity  whilst booting
210                         Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
211                         Change the amount of debugging information output
212                         when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
213  
214         apm=            [APM] Advanced Power Management
215                         See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
216 
217         applicom=       [HW]
218                         Format: <mem>,<irq>
219  
220         arcrimi=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
221                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
222 
223         ataflop=        [HW,M68k]
224 
225         atarimouse=     [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
226 
227         atascsi=        [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
228 
229         atkbd.extra=    [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess,
230                         EzKey and similar keyboards
231 
232         atkbd.reset=    [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
233 
234         atkbd.set=      [HW] Select keyboard code set 
235                         Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2)
236 
237         atkbd.scroll=   [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
238                         keyboards
239 
240         atkbd.softraw=  [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
241                         Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
242         
243         atkbd.softrepeat=
244                         [HW] Use software keyboard repeat
245 
246         autotest        [IA64]
247 
248         awe=            [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
249                         Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
250  
251         aztcd=          [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
252                         Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
253 
254         baycom_epp=     [HW,AX25]
255                         Format: <io>,<mode>
256  
257         baycom_par=     [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
258                         Format: <io>,<mode>
259                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
260 
261         baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
262                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
263                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
264 
265         baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
266                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
267                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
268 
269         blkmtd_device=  [HW,MTD]
270         blkmtd_erasesz=
271         blkmtd_ro=
272         blkmtd_bs=
273         blkmtd_count=
274 
275         bttv.card=      [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
276         bttv.radio=     Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too.
277         bttv.pll=       See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
278         bttv.tuner=     and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
279 
280         BusLogic=       [HW,SCSI]
281                         See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
282                         BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
283 
284         c101=           [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
285 
286         cachesize=      [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
287                         Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
288                         size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
289                         to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
290                         possible to determine what the correct size should be.
291                         This option provides an override for these situations.
292 
293         cdu31a=         [HW,CD]
294                         Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
295                         See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
296 
297         chandev=        [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
298  
299         clock=          [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override. 
300                         Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
301                         when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource
302                         is not avalible, it defaults to PIT. 
303                         Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
304 
305         hpet=           [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
306                         Format: disable
307 
308         cm206=          [HW,CD]
309                         Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
310 
311         com20020=       [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
312                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
313 
314         com90io=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
315                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
316 
317         com90xx=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
318                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
319 
320         condev=         [HW,S390] console device
321         conmode=
322  
323         console=        [KNL] Output console device and options.
324 
325                 tty<n>  Use the virtual console device <n>.
326 
327                 ttyS<n>[,options]
328                         Use the specified serial port.  The options are of
329                         the form "bbbbpn", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
330                         "p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), and "n" is bits.
331                         Default is "9600n8".
332 
333                         See also Documentation/serial-console.txt.
334 
335                 uart,io,<addr>[,options]
336                 uart,mmio,<addr>[,options]
337                         Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
338                         UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
339                         switching to the matching ttyS device later.  The
340                         options are the same as for ttyS, above.
341 
342         cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
343                         Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
344 
345         cpia_pp=        [HW,PPT]
346                         Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
347 
348         cs4232=         [HW,OSS]
349                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
350 
351         cs89x0_dma=     [HW,NET]
352                         Format: <dma>
353 
354         cs89x0_media=   [HW,NET]
355                         Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
356  
357         cyclades=       [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
358  
359         dasd=           [HW,NET]    
360                         See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
361 
362         db9.dev[2|3]=   [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
363                         (one device per port)
364                         Format: <port#>,<type>
365                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
366 
367         debug           [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
368 
369         decnet=         [HW,NET]
370                         Format: <area>[,<node>]
371                         See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
372 
373         devfs=          [DEVFS]
374                         See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/boot-options.
375 
376         dhash_entries=  [KNL]
377                         Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
378  
379         digi=           [HW,SERIAL]
380                         IO parameters + enable/disable command.
381 
382         digiepca=       [HW,SERIAL]
383                         See drivers/char/README.epca and
384                         Documentation/digiepca.txt.
385 
386         dmascc=         [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
387                         support available.
388                         Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
389 
390         dmasound=       [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
391 
392         dscc4.setup=    [NET]
393 
394         dtc3181e=       [HW,SCSI]
395 
396         earlyprintk=    [x86, x86_64]
397                         earlyprintk=vga
398                         earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
399 
400                         Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console
401                         takes over.
402 
403                         Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
404 
405                         Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
406 
407                         Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
408                         very good.
409 
410                         The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
411                         console.
412 
413         eata=           [HW,SCSI]
414 
415         eda=            [HW,PS2]
416 
417         edb=            [HW,PS2]
418 
419         edd=            [EDD]
420                         Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"}
421                         See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S
422 
423         eicon=          [HW,ISDN] 
424                         Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
425 
426         eisa_irq_edge=  [PARISC,HW]
427                         See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
428 
429         elanfreq=       [IA-32]
430                         See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
431                         arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
432 
433         elevator=       [IOSCHED]
434                         Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"}
435                         See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
436                         and Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
437 
438         es1370=         [HW,OSS]
439                         Format: <lineout>[,<micbias>]
440                         See also header of sound/oss/es1370.c.
441 
442         es1371=         [HW,OSS]
443                         Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
444                         See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
445  
446         ether=          [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
447                         This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
448                         has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
449 
450         eurwdt=         [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
451                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
452 
453         fd_mcs=         [HW,SCSI]
454                         See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
455 
456         fdomain=        [HW,SCSI]
457                         See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
458 
459         floppy=         [HW]
460                         See Documentation/floppy.txt.
461 
462         ftape=          [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options.
463                         See Documentation/ftape.txt.
464 
465         gamecon.map[2|3]=
466                         [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
467                         support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
468                         Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
469                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
470 
471         gamma=          [HW,DRM]
472 
473         gdth=           [HW,SCSI]
474                         See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
475 
476         gpt             [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
477                         invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
478 
479         gscd=           [HW,CD]
480                         Format: <io>
481 
482         gt96100eth=     [NET] MIPS GT96100 Advanced Communication Controller
483 
484         gus=            [HW,OSS]
485                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
486  
487         gvp11=          [HW,SCSI]
488 
489         hashdist=       [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
490                         are distributed across NUMA nodes.  Defaults on
491                         for IA-64, off otherwise.
492 
493         hcl=            [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
494 
495         hd=             [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
496                         Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
497 
498         hd?=            [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
499         hd?lun=         See Documentation/ide.txt.
500 
501         highmem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
502                         size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
503                         highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
504                         size on bigger boxes.
505 
506         hisax=          [HW,ISDN]
507                         See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
508 
509         hugepages=      [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
510 
511         noirqbalance    [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
512 
513         i8042.direct    [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
514         i8042.dumbkbd   [HW] Pretend that controlled can only read data from
515                              keyboard and can not control its state
516                              (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
517         i8042.noacpi    [HW] Don't use ACPI to discover KBD/AUX controller
518                              settings
519         i8042.noaux     [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
520         i8042.nomux     [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
521                              controller
522         i8042.reset     [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
523         i8042.unlock    [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
524 
525         i810=           [HW,DRM]
526 
527         i8k.force       [HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
528                         does not match list of supported models.
529         i8k.power_status
530                         [HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
531                         (disabled by default)
532         i8k.restricted  [HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
533                         capability is set.
534 
535         ibmmcascsi=     [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
536                         See Documentation/mca.txt.
537 
538         icn=            [HW,ISDN]
539                         Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
540 
541         ide=            [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
542                         Format: ide=nodma or ide=doubler or ide=reverse
543                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
544 
545         ide?=           [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
546                         Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters.
547                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
548         
549         idebus=         [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
550                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
551 
552         idle=           [HW]
553                         Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
554  
555         ihash_entries=  [KNL]
556                         Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
557 
558         in2000=         [HW,SCSI]
559                         See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
560 
561         init=           [KNL]
562                         Format: <full_path>
563                         Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
564                         process.
565 
566         initcall_debug  [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed.  Useful
567                         for working out where the kernel is dying during
568                         startup.
569 
570         initrd=         [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
571 
572         inport.irq=     [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
573                         Format: <irq>
574 
575         inttest=        [IA64]
576 
577         io7=            [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
578                         See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
579                         arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
580 
581         ip=             [IP_PNP]
582                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
583 
584         ip2=            [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
585                         See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
586 
587         ips=            [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
588                         See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
589 
590         isapnp=         [ISAPNP]
591                         Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity>
592 
593         isolcpus=       [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
594                         Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
595                         This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
596                         to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
597                         algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off
598                         an "isolated" CPU is via the CPU affinity syscalls.
599                         <cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
600                         "number of CPUs in system - 1".
601 
602                         This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
603                         alternative - manually setting the CPU mask of all tasks
604                         in the system can cause problems and suboptimal load
605                         balancer performance.
606 
607         isp16=          [HW,CD]
608                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
609 
610         iucv=           [HW,NET] 
611 
612         js=             [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
613                         See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
614 
615         keepinitrd      [HW,ARM]
616 
617         l2cr=           [PPC]
618 
619         lapic           [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it.
620 
621         lasi=           [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
622                         Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
623 
624         llsc*=          [IA64]
625                         See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
626 
627         load_ramdisk=   [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
628                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
629 
630         lockd.udpport=  [NFS]
631 
632         lockd.tcpport=  [NFS]
633 
634         logibm.irq=     [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
635                         Format: <irq>
636 
637         log_buf_len=n   Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
638                         Format is n, nk, nM.  n must be a power of two.  The
639                         default is set in kernel config.
640 
641         lp=0            [LP]    Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
642         lp=port[,port...]       lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
643         lp=reset                first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
644         lp=auto                 printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
645                                 specified in addition to the ports) causes
646                                 attached printers to be reset. Using
647                                 lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
648                                 to associate lp devices with, starting with
649                                 lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
650                                 that lp device, or a parport name such as
651                                 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
652                                 port specification list means that device IDs
653                                 from each port should be examined, to see if
654                                 an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
655                                 so, the driver will manage that printer.
656                                 See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
657 
658         lpj=n           [KNL]
659                         Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
660                         time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
661                         CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
662                         the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
663                         autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
664                         on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
665                         which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
666                         significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
667                         will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
668                         unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
669                         unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
670                         hardware.
671 
672         ltpc=           [NET]
673                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
674 
675         mac5380=        [HW,SCSI]
676                         Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
677 
678         mac53c9x=       [HW,SCSI]
679                         Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
680 
681         machvec=        [IA64]
682                         Force the use of a particular machine-vector (machvec) in a generic
683                         kernel.  Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
684 
685         mad16=          [HW,OSS]
686                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
687 
688         maui=           [HW,OSS]
689                         Format: <io>,<irq>
690  
691         max_loop=       [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
692                         be mounted
693                         Format: <1-256>
694 
695         maxcpus=        [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
696                         should make use of
697 
698         max_luns=       [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe
699                         Should be between 1 and 2^32-1.
700 
701         max_report_luns=
702                         [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received
703                         Should be between 1 and 16384.
704 
705         mca-pentium     [BUGS=IA-32]
706 
707         mcatest=        [IA-64]
708 
709         mcd=            [HW,CD]
710                         Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
711 
712         mcdx=           [HW,CD]
713 
714         mce             [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
715 
716         md=             [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
717                         See Documentation/md.txt.
718  
719         mdacon=         [MDA]
720                         Format: <first>,<last>
721                         Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
722  
723         mem=nn[KMG]     [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
724                         Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
725                         to see the whole system memory or for test.
726                         [IA-32] Use together with memmap= to avoid physical
727                         address space collisions. Without memmap= PCI devices
728                         could be placed at addresses belonging to unused RAM.
729 
730         mem=nopentium   [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
731                         memory.
732 
733         memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32] Enable setting of an exact
734                         E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
735                         Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
736                         BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
737                         option description.
738 
739         memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
740                         [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
741                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
742 
743         memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
744                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
745                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
746 
747         memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
748                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
749                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
750 
751         meye.*=         [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
752                         See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
753 
754         mga=            [HW,DRM]
755 
756         mousedev.tap_time=
757                         [MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
758                         leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
759                         a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
760                         touchpads working in absolute mode only).
761                         Format: <msecs>
762         mousedev.xres=  [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
763                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
764         mousedev.yres=  [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
765                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
766 
767         mpu401=         [HW,OSS]
768                         Format: <io>,<irq>
769 
770         MTD_Partition=  [MTD]
771                         Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
772 
773         MTD_Region=     [MTD]
774                         Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
775 
776         mtdparts=       [MTD]
777                         See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
778 
779         n2=             [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
780 
781         NCR_D700=       [HW,SCSI]
782                         See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
783 
784         ncr5380=        [HW,SCSI]
785 
786         ncr53c400=      [HW,SCSI]
787 
788         ncr53c400a=     [HW,SCSI]
789 
790         ncr53c406a=     [HW,SCSI]
791 
792         ncr53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
793 
794         netdev=         [NET] Network devices parameters
795                         Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
796                         Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
797                         something different and driver-specific.
798  
799         nfsaddrs=       [NFS]
800                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
801 
802         nfsroot=        [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
803                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
804 
805         nmi_watchdog=   [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
806 
807         no387           [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
808                         emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
809                         is present.
810 
811         noalign         [KNL,ARM] 
812  
813         noapic          [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
814                         IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
815 
816         noasync         [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
817                         all devices.
818 
819         nobats          [PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
820                         on "Classic" PPC cores.
821 
822         nocache         [ARM]
823  
824         nodisconnect    [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
825 
826         noexec          [IA-64]
827 
828         noexec          [i386, x86_64]
829                         noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
830                         noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
831 
832         nofxsr          [BUGS=IA-32]
833 
834         nohlt           [BUGS=ARM]
835  
836         no-hlt          [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
837                         instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
838                         use it.
839 
840         noirqdebug      [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
841                         disable unhandled interrupt sources.
842 
843         noisapnp        [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
844 
845         noinitrd        [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
846                         initial RAM disk.
847 
848         nointroute      [IA-64]
849 
850         nolapic         [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
851 
852         noltlbs         [PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
853                         lowmem mapping on PPC40x.
854 
855         nomce           [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
856 
857         noresidual      [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines.
858 
859         noresume        [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space.
860  
861         no-scroll       [VGA] Disables scrollback.
862                         This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
863                         reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
864 
865         nosbagart       [IA-64]
866 
867         nosmp           [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
868 
869         nosync          [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
870 
871         notsc           [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
872 
873         nousb           [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
874 
875         nowb            [ARM]
876  
877         opl3=           [HW,OSS]
878                         Format: <io>
879 
880         opl3sa=         [HW,OSS]
881                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
882 
883         opl3sa2=        [HW,OSS]
884                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
885  
886         oprofile.timer= [HW]
887                         Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
888 
889         optcd=          [HW,CD]
890                         Format: <io>
891 
892         osst=           [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
893                         Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
894                         See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
895 
896         panic=          [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
897                         Format: <timeout>
898 
899         parkbd.port=    [HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
900                         connected to, default is 0.
901                         Format: <parport#>
902         parkbd.mode=    [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
903                         0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
904                         Format: <mode> 
905 
906         parport=0       [HW,PPT]        Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
907         parport=auto                    Use 'auto' to force the driver to use
908         parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]]       any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the
909                                         default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA
910                                         settings because of possible
911                                         conflicts). You can specify the base
912                                         address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and
913                                         DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for
914                                         using detected settings on that
915                                         particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid
916                                         using a FIFO even if it is detected).
917                                         Parallel ports are assigned in the
918                                         order they are specified on the command
919                                         line, starting with parport0.
920 
921         parport_init_mode=
922                         [HW,PPT]        Configure VIA parallel port to
923                                         operate in specific mode. This is
924                                         necessary on Pegasos computer where
925                                         firmware has no options for setting up
926                                         parallel port mode and sets it to
927                                         spp. Currently this function knows
928                                         686a and 8231 chips.
929                         Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
930 
931         pas2=           [HW,OSS]
932                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
933  
934         pas16=          [HW,SCSI]
935                         See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
936 
937         pcbit=          [HW,ISDN]
938 
939         pcd.            [PARIDE]
940                         See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
941                         See also Documentation/paride.txt.
942 
943         pci=option[,option...]          [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
944                 off                     [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
945                 bios                    [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
946                                         the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
947                                         has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
948                 nobios                  [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
949                                         hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
950                                         if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
951                                         suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
952                 conf1                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1.
953                 conf2                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2.
954                 nosort                  [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
955                                         order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done
956                                         to get a device order compatible with older kernels.
957                 biosirq                 [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
958                                         routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
959                                         on several machines and they hang the machine when used,
960                                         but on other computers it's the only way to get the
961                                         interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel
962                                         is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI
963                                         buses on your motherboard.
964                 rom                     [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
965                                         Use with caution as certain devices share address
966                                         decoders between ROMs and other resources.
967                 irqmask=0xMMMM          [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned
968                                         automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel
969                                         exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way.
970                 lastbus=N               [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful
971                                         if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses
972                                         and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are.
973                 assign-busses           [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
974                                         numbers ourselves, overriding
975                                         whatever the firmware may have
976                                         done.
977                 usepirqmask             [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask
978                                         stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is
979                                         needed on some systems with broken
980                                         BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400
981                                         and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will
982                                         have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is
983                                         enabled.
984                 noacpi                  [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
985                                         or for PCI scanning.
986                 routeirq                Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
987                                         This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
988                                         so this option is a temporary workaround
989                                         for broken drivers that don't call it.
990 
991                 firmware                [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but
992                                         instead just use the configuration
993                                         from the bootloader. This is currently
994                                         used on IXP2000 systems where the
995                                         bus has to be configured a certain way
996                                         for adjunct CPUs.
997 
998         pcmv=           [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
999 
1000         pd.             [PARIDE]
1001                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1002 
1003         pdcchassis=     [PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
1004                         boot time.
1005                         Format: { 0 | 1 }
1006                         See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
1007 
1008         pf.             [PARIDE]
1009                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1010 
1011         pg.             [PARIDE]
1012                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1013 
1014         pirq=           [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
1015                         See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
1016 
1017         plip=           [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
1018                         Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
1019                         See also Documentation/parport.txt.
1020 
1021         pnpacpi=        [ACPI]
1022                         { off }
1023 
1024         pnpbios=        [ISAPNP]
1025                         { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
1026 
1027         pnp_reserve_irq=
1028                         [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
1029 
1030         pnp_reserve_dma=
1031                         [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
1032 
1033         pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
1034                         Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
1035 
1036         pnp_reserve_mem=
1037                         [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration
1038                         Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
1039 
1040         profile=        [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
1041                         { schedule | <number> }
1042                         (param: schedule - profile schedule points}
1043                         (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
1044                                 statistical time based profiling)
1045 
1046         processor.max_cstate=   [HW, ACPI]
1047                         Limit processor to maximum C-state
1048                         max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
1049 
1050         prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
1051                         before loading.
1052                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1053 
1054         psmouse.proto=  [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
1055                         probe for (bare|imps|exps).
1056         psmouse.rate=   [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
1057                         per second.
1058         psmouse.resetafter=
1059                         [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
1060                         (0 = never).
1061         psmouse.resolution=
1062                         [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
1063         psmouse.smartscroll=
1064                         [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat,
1065                         0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
1066 
1067         pss=            [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
1068                         Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1069 
1070         pt.             [PARIDE]
1071                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
1072 
1073         quiet=          [KNL] Disable log messages
1074  
1075         r128=           [HW,DRM]
1076 
1077         raid=           [HW,RAID]
1078                         See Documentation/md.txt.
1079 
1080         ramdisk=        [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
1081                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1082 
1083         ramdisk_blocksize=
1084                         [RAM]
1085                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1086  
1087         ramdisk_size=   [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
1088                         New name for the ramdisk parameter.
1089                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
1090 
1091         reboot=         [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
1092                         Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
1093                         See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c.
1094 
1095         reserve=        [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
1096 
1097         resume=         [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension
1098 
1099         rhash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
1100                         Set number of hash buckets for route cache
1101 
1102         riscom8=        [HW,SERIAL]
1103                         Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
1104 
1105         ro              [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
1106 
1107         root=           [KNL] Root filesystem
1108 
1109         rootdelay=      [KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
1110                         mount the root filesystem
1111 
1112         rootflags=      [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
1113 
1114         rootfstype=     [KNL] Set root filesystem type
1115 
1116         rw              [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
1117 
1118         S               [KNL] Run init in single mode
1119 
1120         sa1100ir        [NET]
1121                         See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
1122 
1123         sb=             [HW,OSS]
1124                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1125 
1126         sbni=           [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
1127  
1128         sbpcd=          [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
1129                         Format: <io>,<type>
1130                         See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
1131                         drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
1132 
1133         sc1200wdt=      [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
1134                         Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
1135 
1136         scsi_debug_*=   [SCSI]
1137                         See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
1138 
1139         scsi_default_dev_flags=
1140                         [SCSI] SCSI default device flags
1141                         Format: <integer>
1142 
1143         scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
1144                         Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
1145                         (flags are integer value)
1146 
1147         scsi_logging=   [SCSI]
1148 
1149         serialnumber    [BUGS=IA-32]
1150 
1151         sf16fm=         [HW] SF16FMI radio driver for Linux
1152                         Format: <io>
1153 
1154         sg_def_reserved_size=
1155                         [SCSI]
1156  
1157         sgalaxy=        [HW,OSS]
1158                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
1159 
1160         shapers=        [NET]
1161                         Maximal number of shapers.
1162  
1163         sim710=         [SCSI,HW]
1164                         See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
1165 
1166         simeth=         [IA-64]
1167         simscsi=
1168  
1169         sjcd=           [HW,CD]
1170                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
1171                         See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
1172 
1173         slram=          [HW,MTD]
1174 
1175         smart2=         [HW]
1176                         Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
1177 
1178         snd-ad1816a=    [HW,ALSA]
1179 
1180         snd-ad1848=     [HW,ALSA]
1181 
1182         snd-ali5451=    [HW,ALSA]
1183 
1184         snd-als100=     [HW,ALSA]
1185 
1186         snd-als4000=    [HW,ALSA]
1187 
1188         snd-azt2320=    [HW,ALSA]
1189 
1190         snd-cmi8330=    [HW,ALSA]
1191 
1192         snd-cmipci=     [HW,ALSA]
1193 
1194         snd-cs4231=     [HW,ALSA]
1195 
1196         snd-cs4232=     [HW,ALSA]
1197 
1198         snd-cs4236=     [HW,ALSA]
1199 
1200         snd-cs4281=     [HW,ALSA]
1201 
1202         snd-cs46xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1203 
1204         snd-dt019x=     [HW,ALSA]
1205 
1206         snd-dummy=      [HW,ALSA]
1207 
1208         snd-emu10k1=    [HW,ALSA]
1209 
1210         snd-ens1370=    [HW,ALSA]
1211 
1212         snd-ens1371=    [HW,ALSA]
1213 
1214         snd-es968=      [HW,ALSA]
1215 
1216         snd-es1688=     [HW,ALSA]
1217 
1218         snd-es18xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1219 
1220         snd-es1938=     [HW,ALSA]
1221 
1222         snd-es1968=     [HW,ALSA]
1223 
1224         snd-fm801=      [HW,ALSA]
1225 
1226         snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
1227 
1228         snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
1229 
1230         snd-gusmax=     [HW,ALSA]
1231 
1232         snd-hdsp=       [HW,ALSA]
1233 
1234         snd-ice1712=    [HW,ALSA]
1235 
1236         snd-intel8x0=   [HW,ALSA]
1237 
1238         snd-interwave=  [HW,ALSA]
1239 
1240         snd-interwave-stb=
1241                         [HW,ALSA]
1242 
1243         snd-korg1212=   [HW,ALSA]
1244 
1245         snd-maestro3=   [HW,ALSA]
1246 
1247         snd-mpu401=     [HW,ALSA]
1248 
1249         snd-mtpav=      [HW,ALSA]
1250 
1251         snd-nm256=      [HW,ALSA]
1252 
1253         snd-opl3sa2=    [HW,ALSA]
1254 
1255         snd-opti92x-ad1848=
1256                         [HW,ALSA]
1257 
1258         snd-opti92x-cs4231=
1259                         [HW,ALSA]
1260 
1261         snd-opti93x=    [HW,ALSA]
1262 
1263         snd-pmac=       [HW,ALSA]
1264 
1265         snd-rme32=      [HW,ALSA]
1266 
1267         snd-rme96=      [HW,ALSA]
1268 
1269         snd-rme9652=    [HW,ALSA]
1270 
1271         snd-sb8=        [HW,ALSA]
1272 
1273         snd-sb16=       [HW,ALSA]
1274 
1275         snd-sbawe=      [HW,ALSA]
1276 
1277         snd-serial=     [HW,ALSA]
1278 
1279         snd-sgalaxy=    [HW,ALSA]
1280 
1281         snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
1282 
1283         snd-sun-amd7930=
1284                         [HW,ALSA]
1285 
1286         snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
1287 
1288         snd-trident=    [HW,ALSA]
1289 
1290         snd-usb-audio=  [HW,ALSA,USB]
1291 
1292         snd-via82xx=    [HW,ALSA]
1293 
1294         snd-virmidi=    [HW,ALSA]
1295 
1296         snd-wavefront=  [HW,ALSA]
1297 
1298         snd-ymfpci=     [HW,ALSA]
1299  
1300         sonicvibes=     [HW,OSS]
1301                         Format: <reverb>
1302  
1303         sonycd535=      [HW,CD]
1304                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
1305 
1306         sonypi.*=       [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
1307                         See Documentation/sonypi.txt
1308 
1309         specialix=      [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
1310                         See Documentation/specialix.txt.
1311 
1312         spia_io_base=   [HW,MTD]
1313         spia_fio_base=
1314         spia_pedr=
1315         spia_peddr=
1316 
1317         sscape=         [HW,OSS]
1318                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1319  
1320         st=             [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
1321                         See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
1322 
1323         st0x=           [HW,SCSI]
1324                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1325 
1326         sti=            [PARISC,HW]
1327                         Format: <num>
1328                         Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
1329                         machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
1330                         as the initial boot-console.
1331                         See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1332 
1333         sti_font=       [HW]
1334                         See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1335 
1336         stifb=          [HW]
1337                         Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
1338 
1339         stram_swap=     [HW,M68k]
1340 
1341         swiotlb=        [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
1342  
1343         switches=       [HW,M68k]
1344 
1345         sym53c416=      [HW,SCSI]
1346                         See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
1347 
1348         sym53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
1349                         See Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt.
1350 
1351         t128=           [HW,SCSI]
1352                         See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
1353 
1354         tdfx=           [HW,DRM]
1355 
1356         thash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
1357                         Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
1358 
1359         tipar.timeout=  [HW,PPT]
1360                         Set communications timeout in tenths of a second
1361                         (default 15).
1362 
1363         tipar.delay=    [HW,PPT]
1364                         Set inter-bit delay in microseconds (default 10).
1365 
1366         tmc8xx=         [HW,SCSI]
1367                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1368 
1369         tmscsim=        [HW,SCSI]
1370                         See comment before function dc390_setup() in
1371                         drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
1372 
1373         tp720=          [HW,PS2]
1374 
1375         trix=           [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
1376                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1377  
1378         tsdev.xres=     [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
1379         tsdev.yres=     [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
1380 
1381         turbografx.map[2|3]=
1382                         [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface
1383                         Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
1384                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
1385 
1386         u14-34f=        [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
1387                         See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
1388 
1389         uart401=        [HW,OSS]
1390                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1391 
1392         uart6850=       [HW,OSS]
1393                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1394 
1395         usb-handoff     [HW] Enable early USB BIOS -> OS handoff
1396  
1397         video=          [FB] Frame buffer configuration
1398                         See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
1399 
1400         vga=            [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
1401                         See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt.
1402                         Use vga=ask for menu.
1403                         This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
1404                         passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
1405 
1406         vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
1407                         size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
1408                         minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
1409                         decrease the size and leave more room for directly
1410                         mapped kernel RAM.
1411 
1412         vmhalt=         [KNL,S390]
1413 
1414         vmpoff=         [KNL,S390] 
1415  
1416         waveartist=     [HW,OSS]
1417                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1418  
1419         wd33c93=        [HW,SCSI]
1420                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
1421 
1422         wd7000=         [HW,SCSI]
1423                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
1424 
1425         wdt=            [WDT] Watchdog
1426                         See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
1427 
1428         xd=             [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
1429         xd_geo=         See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
1430 
1431         xirc2ps_cs=     [NET,PCMCIA]
1432                         Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
1433 
1434 
1435 
1436 Changelog:
1437 
1438         The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
1439         2000-06-??      Mr. Unknown
1440 
1441         Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
1442         references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
1443         PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
1444         reformatting.
1445         2002-11-24      Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
1446                         Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
1447 
1448 TODO:
1449 
1450         Add documentation for ALSA options.
1451         Add more DRM drivers.
  This page was automatically generated by the LXR engine.